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Zoogeography of Fishes

Zoogeography of Fishes. Patterns and processes in the distribution of fishes (i.e., what causes certain fish species to be where they are?) Global Regional Local Successively smaller sieves that determine fish distribution Predictability of fish assemblages. Global. Plate tectonics

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Zoogeography of Fishes

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  1. Zoogeography of Fishes • Patterns and processes in the distribution of fishes (i.e., what causes certain fish species to be where they are?) • Global • Regional • Local • Successively smaller sieves that determine fish distribution • Predictability of fish assemblages

  2. Global • Plate tectonics • Rearrangement of land masses • sunfishes restricted to N.A. (arose following split of land masses, temperate, freshwater)

  3. Regional - Historic • Drainage Divides • Broad drainages isolate aquatic communities (Mississippi vs Atlantic Slope)

  4. Regional - Historic • Drainage Divides • Drainage rearrangement (stream capture) • Populations of Mississippi R. fishes on Atlantic slope • Etheostoma blennioides (Potomac captured Mississippi)

  5. Regional—Historic • Glaciation • Mississippi Drainage oriented N – S • Fish disperse south • Atlantic Drainage oriented E – W • Teays R was the major N-W flowing river • Ice sheets dams caused it to flow S through the small Mississippi R. • Melt water cut through central highlands making Mississippi R the major river • Ancient Teays River Valley near present-day New and Kanawha Rivers

  6. Pre-Pleistocene

  7. Pleistocene

  8. SE Fish Richness • Tennessee River most diverse • Atlantic slope least diverse • New / Kanawha River basin “relatively diverse” Warren et al. 1997

  9. Regional - Local • Geology (regional characteristic that influences local conditions) • Habitat • Water Flow • Chemistry • Alkalinity - Hardness • Productivity

  10. Regional - Local • Spatial Position • The position of a stream segment in a stream network influences species found there (distance from a species pool).

  11. Influence of Barriers

  12. Influence of Stochastic Events

  13. Local • Competition / Predation • Water Chemistry • Water Flow • Productivity • Habitat • Gradient • Stream Size Species Richness = -5.16 + 4.6 x (Basin Area) + 0.39 x (Link Order Diff) R2 = 0.79 df = 17 p < 0.0001

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