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Systems Development

Systems Development. Dr. Ashok Agarwal. Development Models. RAD Waterfall Proto type –RAD / Waterfall. Systems Analysis. Study of existing system Defining user needs Gaps, if any Conceptual Design. System Requirement Document. Systems Design & Development. Detailed Design

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Systems Development

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  1. Systems Development Dr. Ashok Agarwal

  2. Development Models • RAD • Waterfall • Proto type –RAD / Waterfall

  3. Systems Analysis • Study of existing system • Defining user needs • Gaps, if any • Conceptual Design. System Requirement Document Systems Design & Development • Detailed Design • Design Database • Design Processes • Detailed Programming. • Testing • System Design Document • System Specification Document • Test Plans Implementation • Conversion • Training of end users • On-going maintenance System Development life cycle

  4. Identify basic requirements Develop a working prototype Use the prototype User satisfied Yes No Operational prototype Revise & enhance prototype Prototyping

  5. Manager MIS Management Staff Systems Analyst Programmer Design Programming Test Months TRADITIONAL End-user Computing Tools Manager Staff Minutes or Days END USERS End User Computing • Developed by end users with no assistance from technical group

  6. Setup Environment Acceptance Training Support Testing On site Study / Design (SDD) Proj. Mgt. Plan, Quality Plan, Master Proj. Plan, Wkly. Plans, Time Sheets, Proj. Status Report, Milestone Status Report SQL Star Review Meetings Client Communication Review Reports, Test Reports, Walk Through, Internal Quality Audit, Non conformance, Change Control Document Offshore Development Center Support Design Detailing Coding, Testing Reworks Setup Environment The Onsite - Offshore Model

  7. Structure Offshore Project Manager Core Team Architect SE QA Project Leader ML1 ML2 ML3 QA On Site SE SE SE SE Onsite - Offshore Model- Project Organization

  8. Business Process Reengineering • Need to redesign business processes before • introducing computers. • Mortgage Application Process - Example • Before BPR • After BPR

  9. Prequalification Document Generation Application Processing Credit Analysis & underwriting Approval & Closing • Appraisal • Title search • Credit checking & scoring • Loan limit estimates • Loan structuring options • Maximum monthly • payment estimates • Application Documents • Disclosure Documents • Compliance Documents • Credit analysis worksheets • Closing calculations • Closing documents • Set up for servicing Payment Processing & Reporting Escrow Management Customer service Collections, bankruptcies & foreclosures Credit Reporting Before Reengineering Organization of loan: paper application Servicing of loan in multiple locations by specialists in credit analysis and underwriters • Balance inquiries • Escrow inquiries • Statement requests • Payment accounting • Statements • Tax reporting • Hazard insurance accounting • Private mortgage insurance • accounting • Property tax accounting • Late payment notices • Management of • delinquent accounts Loan servicing by specialists in insurance and escrow Transfer to secondary market Value and risk • Loan inventory • Gain/loss calculations • Risk Mgmt • Loan purchase & sale Mgmt • Loan pooling • Loan shipment

  10. Loan processing by teams of loan representatives who handle whole cases Loan Origination Team Regional production center:teams process open applications Customer Regional Production Center Field Rep Laptop Information Preapproved Loan servicing by specialists working as a team Credit limit Loan Servicing Team Dial-up network of intranet After Reengineering

  11. Work Flow Management • Automating processes for routing documents to • different locations,securing approvals scheduling • and generating reports. • Ability to retrieve document/file. • Multiple people working on the same document • in parallel, if necessary

  12. Key Processes • Project Management • Testing & Reviews • Configuration Management • Documentation

  13. Project Management • For development projects • Driven by requirements / study • Emphasis on design • For maintenance projects • Driven by change requests • Emphasis on impact analysis

  14. Request for Proposal from prospective client Proposal Team Marketing Proposal Contract Signed Project Initiation & Planning Requirements Specification Document Requirements Study Post delivery support / warranty User Acceptance & Sign-off Design Design Documents Development Testing & Quality Assurance Software Delivery Process Flow – Software Development

  15. Process Flow (Development Projects) • Contract Review • PMP & QP • Requirements Specification • (Prototype) • System Design • Development & Testing • Configuration Management

  16. Process Flow (Maintenance Projects) • Contract Review • PMP & QP • Requirements Specification / Change Requests • Impact Analysis & System Specifications • Development & Testing • Configuration Management

  17. Project Planning Process Project Initiation Project Initiation Note Project Requirements Note Allocation of Resources Preparation of PMP & QP PMP & QP Applying Methodology mentioned in PMP & QP till the project closure Review & Approval of PMP & QP PSR,MIS, Review Reports, Audit Reports, C & PA action point …

  18. Will the System produce desired results? • Extremely complex and time consuming and FRUSTRATING • Unit Testing : • System Testing : • Acceptance Testing : • Test Plan – Prepared by development team • along with “USERS”. Testing Testing each program separately. Test the system as a whole. Final certification.

  19. Testing & Reviews • All the documents are reviewed • All the software components are tested • Metrics collected on defects, schedules and efforts • Analysis done and improvements suggested

  20. Reviewed TP SSD Standards Coding / Rework Testing by SE Add TCs Yes Bug Free No No TPA by SE Yes Update the defect DB Rework Rework / Initial Initial Coding Defect Assignment Apply SCM Assessment Add TCs Defect logging Testing by PM Yes TPA by SE No Bug Free No Yes Testing by QA Add TCs No Yes Bug Free No TPA by QAE Yes Mark for release Testing Process

  21. Configuration Management • Change Management • How the requests are received • How they are addressed & closed • Version Management • How different versions are managed • What are the changes in each version

  22. Receive the change requests Document the changes into CCD Study the impact, estimate efforts & schedule (PM) A Release to QA Get the approval Testing by QA Prepare the specification Documents & Test Plans CCD Closure Assign CCD work to Developer Developer completes the coding & testing PM Reviews the work A Change Management

  23. Customer Focus/Satisfaction • Customer Feedback • Customer Satisfaction Rating • Analysis and action

  24. Documentation • Process Documents • Project Management Plan • Quality Plan • Technical Documents • Requirements Specification Document • User Interface Standards Document • System Analysis Document • System Design Document • System Specification Document • User Manual • System Manual

  25. Process of changing Old System to New System. • Parallel Approach : • EXPENSIVE • Danger of both systems operating • Direct Cut over : • On a appointed time changeover “VERY RISKY” • Pilot Study : Introduce in Limited Area and expand. • Phased Approach – Implement in stages. DETAILED DOCUMENTATION & END USER TRAINING REQUIRED Conversion

  26. Thank you

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