Section 1: Alcohol Affects the Body

1. Section 1: Alcohol Affects the Body • Short Term Effects of Alcohol • Nausea • Vomiting • Dehydration • Loss of judgment & self control • Reduced reaction time • Poor vision • Memory loss • Black Out • Coma • Death

2. Effects on the Body • Alcohol irritates the mouth, throat, esophagus, and stomach. • Turn to page 245 and draw the figure with the effects.

3. Alcohol makes the heart work harder • It widens the blood vessels. The heart has to work harder to pump blood through the wide vessels

4. Alcohol makes the body lose heat • When the vessels are widened it makes you feel warmer, but the person make actually getting too cold. Drinking alcohol in cold weather or while in the water can drain too much heat from the body which leads to hypothermia

5. Alcohol causes the liver to work harder • The liver breaks down toxic substances, such as alcohol, to neutralize any poisonous effects. The liver can only break down 1 alcoholic beverage per hr. Drinking more that that amount causes alcohol to build up and to stress the liver

6. Hangovers…YUCK!!!  • A set of uncomfortable physical effects that are caused by excessive alcohol use: • Headache, nausea, dizziness etc

7. Alcohol causes dehydration • Dehydration occurs because breaking down alcohol require water. As a result, the kidneys produce more urine. The water used to break down alcohol is taken from the rest of the body, including the brain.

8. ALCOHOL POISONING • The brain and heart may stop working. For most people, 8 or more drinks in an hour cause the areas of the brain that control breathing and heart rate to become dangerously depressed!!

9. 3 symptoms of alcohol poisoning • Extreme vomiting • Loss of consciousness • Dangerously slowed breathing

10. Sec. 2 page 247 Alcoholism and the family

11. Warning signs • Drinker may be uncomfortable around friends who do not drink. Personal and professional relationships may suffer. • Most drinkers cannot recognize these symptoms, they are in denial.

12. How it affects the family • Guilty feelings- we feel as if it is our faults that our family members drink. • Unpredictable behaviors- We never know what to expect from the alcoholic. They may be depressed one moment then happy, or violent. • Violence- Family members of alcoholics are sometimes the victims of abuse.

13. Affects on family cont. • Neglect and isolation- Alcoholics usually spend their time preoccupied with drinking or where to get their next drink, etc…children of alcoholics often feel the parent does not have time for them. • Protecting the alcoholic- Family, friends, employers sometimes enable the alcoholic. Enabling means helping an addict avoid the negative consequences of their behavior.

15. Statistically speaking • 20% of adults who have lived with and alcoholic at some point growing up • 11 million- # of children who currently live with an alcoholic • 75% domestic violence cases in which alcohol was involved

16. What is alcoholism? • Is a disease that causes a person to lose control of his or her drinking behavior. • Alcohol abuse: drinking too much alcohol, drinking it too often, or drinking it at inappropriate times. • The drinker is both physically and emotionally addicted to alcohol. They suffer painful physical symptoms if they don’t get it.

17. Alcoholism develops in stages • Problem drinking: Alcoholism starts out as experimentation, started drinking to have fun. At some point they move from experimenting to a regular pattern of use. This usually leads to social drinking. This means drinking in social situations, such as a party or gathering with friends. Rules are: don not drink alone, do not drink to get drunk. Drinks to avoid boredom too, or avoid depression, unhappy times.

18. 2nd stage • Tolerance: The abuser becomes tolerant to alcohol the more they drink. This develops after repeated drinking and they find they have to drink more to get the same feelings as when they started. They are either recovering from being drunk or drinking. Family, friends, school work, etc.. Start to be neglected. They are secretive, paranoid, and defensive.

19. Dependence • Over time the drinkers body begins to need alcohol to function normally. This is called physical dependence. Without alcohol, they experience withdrawal such as anxiety, sweating, shaking, and nausea.

20. Alcoholism • Eventually they become addicted. They crave alcohol and cannot control their drinking. They drink to get drunk with increasing frequency. They put alcohol above everything else. Some will substitute alcohol for food.

21. Risk factors for alcoholism • It is not clear how some people can drink alcohol without becoming addicted and others do. • 1- Age The most important factor for teens, because teens who start drinking before the age of 15 are 4 times more likely to become an alcoholic. Your brain is still growing and very vulnerable to the effects of alcohol.

22. Risk factors cont • 2- social environment Hanging out with friends who drink puts you at a higher risk. Peer pressure, advertising, and desire to fit in influences.

23. Risk factors cont • 3- Genetics Alcoholism runs in families, research has shown. Male children of alcoholic fathers have a 25% higher risk of becoming an alcoholic. Children of non alcoholics have a 8%.

24. Risk factors cont • 4- risk taking personality People who are impulsive, enjoy taking risks have a higher chance of becoming an alcoholic. • A risk factor may increase the chance that something will happen.

25. Warning signs of alcoholism • Drinking to deal with anger, frustrations • Changing friends, personal habits, interests • Being defensive about drinking • Feeling depressed • Drinking more for the same high • Drinking alone • Drinking to get drunk • Experiencing memory lapses as a result of drinking

26. Alcoholism affects the family • Guilty feelings • Unpredictable behavior • Violence • Neglect and isolation • Protecting the alcoholic • Ignoring one’s own needs

27. Families of teen alcoholics • Teens who drink, they do it illegally. Teens tend to lie to family members to avoid getting caught. • They get angry or abusive when confronted about the drinking.

28. Alcohol and pregnancy • In 1999 and 2000, 12% of pregnant women continued to use alcohol when they were pregnant. Heavy drinking during pregnancy leads to Fetal AlcoholSyndrome. This is a set of physical and mental defects that affect a fetus (baby). They have mental retardation, and physical deformities. Some have to be cared for the rest of their lives because it is so bad.

29. Alcohol and the society • Alcohol abuse often leads to car wrecks, drownings, and other accidents that kill or severely injure people. • Many cases of murder, family violence, child abuse, rape, crimes, violence and assault are alcohol related. • Alcoholism takes money away and resources from society. Drinkers get sick more, missed work, missed school. Money is used to treat alcohol-related illnesses.

30. Treatment programs • Treatment for alcoholism is not easy. The withdrawal can be bad. There are inpatient and outpatient programs. • Inpatient centers provide shelter to go through the withdrawal. • AA (Alcohol Anonymous) is a widely used program. It uses a 12 step program for recovery. • Al-Anon is designed to help family members talk about share advice. • Alateen is specifically designed to help teens cope.

31. Sec 3 Teens and Alcoholpage 253 • All of the skills you need to drive are impaired by alcohol. • Slows reaction time • Affects vision • Makes you drowsy • Reduces coordination • Affects your judgement

32. An estimated 513,000 people in the US are injured in alcohol related accidents each year. • About 3 in every 10 people will be involved in an alcohol related crash at some point in their lives. • While only 7% of motor vehicle crashes involve alcohol, 39% of all fatal crashes involve alcohol. Drunk driving is the nation’s most frequently committed violent crime.

33. The law • To prevent drunk driving from claiming lives there are laws that have heavy penalties. • Anyone caught driving with a BAC of .08% or higher will be arrested for driving underthe influence (DUI). Some states have a higher limit of .10% that puts you in a higher more serious category, drivingwhile intoxicated (DWI).

34. Zero tolerance • All 50 states have enacted a zero tolerance law for people under the age of 21 to drive with any amount of alcohol in their systems. • If you are caught then you lose your license, expensive fines, and community service.

35. Getting home safe • Don’t drink • Plan ahead- designated driver- is a person who chooses not to drink so that they can drive friends home. • Have an arrangement with your parents to pick you up if you need a ride home. • Call a cab

36. Future risks of drinking • Drinking and jail- Buying, trying to buy, or possessing alcohol is illegal for anyone under 21. You will be charged with minor in possession (MIP). If you are drinking in a public place, you also might be hit with a charge of public intoxication (PI). Having a fake ID can also get you arrested too. Police record, jail, probation, trust of parents is gone, getting into college is lowered.

37. Drinking and sexual activity • Alcohol makes decision making difficult, so it may lead someone to do something he or she will regret. Unplanned pregnancy, STD’s, and the emotional pain of an unhealthy relationship are results. • Alcohol is the most commonly used drug associated with date rape. • By choosing not to drink you have more control of yourself.

38. Drinking and diving • Alcohol plays a role in more than 38% of all drowning accidents in the US. Diving can lead to head and neck injuries, brain damage, spinal cord injuries, and paralysis.

39. Practice saying no • Be confident about what you believe in and what you want not to do. • Saying no can be very difficult. • If your friends make fun of you for not drinking, then are these really friends?

40. MADD- mother’s against drunk driving • SADD- student’s against drunk driving