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SOLUTIONS AND MECHANICAL MIXTURES

SOLUTIONS AND MECHANICAL MIXTURES. The Particle Theory. All matter is composed of tiny particles. Size and shape vary. All particles of pure substance are exactly the same size. All particles of one substance are the same Salt particles are different from pepper particles.

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SOLUTIONS AND MECHANICAL MIXTURES

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  1. SOLUTIONS AND MECHANICAL MIXTURES

  2. The Particle Theory • All matter is composed of tiny particles. • Size and shape vary. • All particles of pure substance are exactly the same size. • All particles of one substance are the same • Salt particles are different from pepper particles

  3. The Particle Theory • There are spaces between particles. • Particles are always moving – the more energy they have, the faster they move. •  temp the faster the particles move • There are forces of attraction between particles.

  4. The Particle Theory Energy is transferred between particles by moving particles hitting each other and either speeding up or slowing down. Matterhas particles Moving particles Attraction between particles Same particles throughout Spaces between particles M2ASS

  5. Classification of Matter Any substance or material that has mass and occupies space. matter mixtures pure substances mechanical mixture (heterogeneous) solutions (homogeneous) Matter can exist in 3 states: solid, liquid and gas

  6. Matter Solid • Particles are close together and locked together into a pattern. • Attractive forces are very strong. • Particles move, but only vibrate in one place.

  7. Matter Liquid • Particles are slightly farther apart • Attractive forces are weaker • Particles are able to slide past one another

  8. Matter Gas • Particles are far apart. • Attractive forces are weakest. • Particles are able to move in any direction.

  9. Pure Substances • Contain only one kind of particle. • All samples have same properties (big or small). • Only a few are found in nature (raw material). e.g.diamond, sugar, aluminum foil

  10. Mixtures • Contain 2 or more pure substances. • Any combination of solids, liquids and gases. • Almost all natural substances are mixtures of pure substances. e.g. pop – mixture of liquid water, solid sugar, and CO2

  11. Mixtures pure substance pure substance pure substance pure substance solution (homogeneous) mechanical mixture (heterogeneous)

  12. Mixtures • Homogeneous (“same kind”) • A solution • Particles of 2 or more pure substances mix completely • Feel and look like one substance • Properties of sample always the same e.g. salt and water steel (iron, O2 and C)

  13. Mixtures • Heterogeneous (“different kinds”) • A mechanical mixture. • 2 or more substances can be seen or felt. • Each sample will have different properties. e.g. granola, concrete

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