VIETNAM ’ S STAKE IN RIO+20 AND THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AGENDA

1. Rio for People: Strengthening People’s Capacity for Genuine Sustainable Development VIETNAM’S STAKE IN RIO+20 AND THESUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AGENDA Trương Quang Học CRES, VNU HA NOI, VACNE

2. OUTLINE 1: OVERVIEW OF SD IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS 2: ACHIEVEMENTS AND WEAKNESSES 4. NATIONAL STRATEGY ON SD UPTO 2020 - CHALLENGES - GREEN GROWTH - IMPROVING INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM - 7 CRITICAL ISSUES - NATIONAL SD STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION 5. VIETNAM’S LESSONS LEARNED IN SD IMPLEMENTATION

3. OVERVIEW OF 20 YEARS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN VIETNAM

4. TWO UN SUMMITS VIETNAM participated in: • Earth Summit on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, 1992  • World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg, 2002

5. VIETNAM - SIGNATORY TO: 1 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development 2 Agenda 21 3 Statement of principles for the Sustainable Management of Forests 4 United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity 5 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 6. Johannesburg declaration on SD ... LOGO

6. and… Commitments to the implementation of sustainable development at national and local levels

7. INSTITUTION: POLICIES • Series of policies issued, creating legal basis for sustainable development implementation • Sustainable development view-points heavily emphasised: “Socio-economic development is closely combined with the protection and improvement of environmental resources, ensuring a harmony between the artificial environment and the natural one, to maintain biodiversity“ (National 5 year socio-economic development plan 2006-2010)

8. INSTITUTION: POLICIES LOGO

9. INSTITUTION: POLICIES • 2010: Luật Sử dụng năng lượng tiết kiệm và hiệu quả; Luật Khoáng sản (sửa đổi); Luật Thuế bảo vệ môi trường; Chương trình quốc gia phát triển công nghệ cao đến năm 2020; Quy chế về quản lý, thực hiện chương trình hỗ trợ pháp lý liên ngành dành cho doanh nghiệp giai đoạn 2010- 2014; Quyết định về việc thành lập Ban Chỉ đạo biên soạn xây dựng Chương trình giảm nghèo bền vững thời kỳ 2011 – 2020; Chương trình Mục tiêu Quốc gia về xây dựng nông thôn mới giai đoạn 2010 – 2020; Chương trình Quốc gia "Nâng cao năng suất và chất lượng sản phẩm, hàng hóa của doanh nghiệp Việt Nam đến năm 2020"; Chương trình hỗ trợ pháp lý liên ngành dành cho doanh nghiệp giai đoạn năm 2010-2014; Chương trình rà soát quy hoạch xây dựng nông thôn mới; Chương trình Hành động quốc gia khắc phục hậu quả bom mìn sau chiến tranh giai đoạn 2010-2025. • 2011: Chương trình Khoa học và công nghệ trọng điểm cấp nhà nước giai đoạn 2011-2015 (Khoa học và công nghệ phục vụ Chương trình Mục tiêu quốc gia ứng phó với biến đổi khí hậu); Chiến lược Quốc gia về biến đổi khí hậu; Chương trình hỗ trợ ứng phó với biến đổi khí hậu (SP-RCC); Thành lập Hội đồng Quốc gia về biến đổi khí hậu. • 2012: Danh mục các chương trình mục tiêu quốc gia giai đoạn 2012-2015; Chiến lược Phát triển bền vững Việt Nam giai đoạn 2011-2020; Chiến lược tăng trưởng xanh của Việt Nam thời kỳ 2011-2020 và tầm nhìn đến năm 2050 (dự thảo); Chiến lược phát triển và sử dụng công nghệ sạch (dự thảo). LOGO

10. INSTITUTIONS: POLICIES Policies on: • Economic development • Social development • Nature conservation and environment protection • Hamonisation of three these pillars LOGO

11. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS Establishing: • The National Council of SD (2005, 2009) • The SD office (2004) • The Council/ Committee of SD and its SD office in Sectors and locations • Vietnam Business Council for SD (VBCSD) (2010)

12. 20 YEAR SD IMPLEMENTATION i) "The strategic orientation for sustainable development in Vietnam," (Vietnam Agenda 21) in August 2004. - This is a framework plan to realize the targets of national sustainable development in the 21st century

13. 20 YEAR SD IMPLEMENTATION ii) "The strategic orientation for the sustainable development of sectors and locations - Sectors: MARD, MONRE, MOIT, MOC… - Provinces

14. AGENDA 21 STRUCTURE LOGO

15. LOGO

16. LOGO

17. LOGO

18. SD Implementation arrangemnets i) The leading role of the government: • Institutional developemnt • Improve environmental management • Integrate financial resources • Develop M&E system • Raise public awareness • Formulate sectoral & local SD action plans LOGO

19. INTERGRATING/MAISTREAMING • Localising Global Agenda 21 in National conditions • Integrating SD objectives into: • Strategies • Plannings • Plans • Programmes of sectors, locations to Implement Harmonisation of : - Economic, - Social and - Environmental objectives LOGO

20. Involve the whole society in SD “People know, people discuss, people do and pepole monitor” LOGO

21. INTELLECTUAL & SCIENTIFIC PARTICIPATION • Supply scientific foundations for SD decision-making and implementation • Consultations, discussions, recommendations to improve SD policies, monitoring SD implementation process: • Research & Development (R&D), supplying science-technology services to realising SD objectives in practice, LOGO

22. VIETNAM ASSOCIATION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE & ENVIRONMENT Until August, 2011, the number of member associations and affiliated facilities has been up to 150, including many different localities and fields RIO + 20 and Our Actions LOGO

23. ACTIVITY FIELDS WITH PROMINENT COMPLETED PROJECTS • Consultancy and social review in the fields of nature conservation and environmental protection • Scientific research and technology innovation on environmental protection and sustainable development, and practical applications • Development and popularization of the models on Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development • Publication of journals, magazines film production and photo contests on the environment • Education and training on environmental protection & sustainable development • Communications and raising public awareness • Review and grant the Prize for the cause of environmental protection • Vietnam Heritage Tree Conservation Event • International cooperation on environmental protection

25. NGOs • Some 4000 NGOs • Activities mainly at community level, especially in countryside • Poverty reduction & community development • Community-based climate change response; disaster prevention, response & mitigation • Sanitation and health care… LOGO

26. Network VNNGOs & CC (SRD) • 30 E-Bulletin in the website CCWG and VNGO&CC; • 6,500 Newsletters; • Data base on CC projects, experts, documents, references, budgets, training opportunities…. • 03training courses for 15 key trainers from NGO/CBOs • 19Training courses for 567 pepole of 50 NGOs and other partners; • 5modules of community based Adaptation to CC; • A set of 5 manuals, guidelines for raising public awareness and adaptation to CC LOGO

27. TEENAGERS & YOUNG PEOPLE • Go-Green • Summer of Volunteers • 350 (ppm) • 26 (degree) • Becoming vice-chairmen in remote communes… LOGO

28. INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE • Multilateral organizations: WB, ADB, UNDP, IUCN, …; and Bilateral organizations: SIDA (Sweden), DANIDA (Denmark), JICA (Japan), GTZ/GIZ (Germany), Finaid, Holland, US, France… actively support Vietnam in sustainable development • Sustainable development contents are closely integrated into cooperative strategies of all donors/partners/investors LOGO

29. in the context of climate change • Hope to mobilise around US $9.1 billion of assistance from the international community to overcome CC serious challenges.  • The country so far has received US $1.28 billion via 21 programs and projects. • Other 11 projects, worth US $1.3 billion, are under negotiation. Develop policies and machanisms for promoting international cooperation

30. Support Programs on Response to CC in VN

31. UN-REDD VIETNAM • Phase 1: 2009-2012 - 4.4 million USD - In Lam Dong province • Phase 2: from 2012 - 100 million USD - 6 provinces - Institutional capacity building for 42 provices Company Logo

32. ACHIEVEMENTS & WEAKNESSES

33. ACHIEVEMENTS AND WEAKNESS NATIONAL CONFERENCES ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: • First: 12.2004 • Second: 5.2006 • Third: 1.2011

34. 1. ECONOMIC PILLAR The national economy grew fast, expanding 7.85 % per cent annually on average (2000-2008) and 5.78 (2011). In 2011, Vietnam's per capita gross domestic product (GDP) fetched $1,300, and the economic structure shifted in a positive direction.

35. 1. ECONOMIC PILLAR However, the achievements are not commensurate with the nation's potential and the economic development is unsustainable. The growth quality, productivity, efficiency and competitiveness of the national economy is low, while macro-economic balances are not stable. Economic growth remains dependent on extensive development factors and slowly shifting into intensive development. The status of the market economy, the quality of human resources and infrastructure remain hindrances to the country's development

36. 2. SOCIAL PILLAR The nation recorded significant cultural and social achievements in many aspects, particularly poverty reduction, education development, health care, job creation, improved people’s living conditions … Some cultural and social weaknesses were slowly surmounted, - Poverty incidence unsustainable - ... … - 9.45

37. 3. ENVIRONMENTAL PILLAR • The legal and policy framework has gradually been framed and completed and now supports environmental protection and socio-economic development in Vietnam more effectively. • The awareness of environmental protection among the public and managers has been considerably raised, the levels of environmental pollution, degradation and accidents have been gradually reduced - nature conservation has made a remarkable progress. • These achievements have contributed significantly to improving the living standard of people and to ensuring a sustainable development of the country.

38. 3. ENVIRONMENTAL PILLAR However: • The country’s environmental quality continues to degrade in many places, especially in urban areas, coastal zones, river basins and craft villages • Public awareness and administrative system capacity is still low • Shortcomings in law enforcement and policy implementation…

39. INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS • 1991: International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships • 1993: Member of IUCN • 1994: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species,CITES; Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer; Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer; United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, UNFCCC; CBD. • 1995: Basel Convention on the Control of Trans-boundary Movement of Hazardous Waste and their Disposal. • 1998: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification , UNCCD, Kyoto Protokol • 1999: International Declaration on Cleaner Production • 2000: Millennium Development Goals; Population strategy. • 2002: Johannesburg declaration on Sustainable development • 2006: WTO LOGO

40. INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS Việt Nam has accurately and successfully implemented these commitments: - Appointing focal points (appropriate ministries) for implementation arrangement; - Promulgating: policies, action plans, target programme to implement LOGO

41. INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS MDGs 2/3 of the way to achieving the MDGs- Reducing poverty: 9,45 LOGO

42. INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS MDGs • Malaria: decreased by 83% (during 15 years) LOGO

43. SECTORAL & LOCAL AGENDA 21 Sectors and localities (provinces and cities) have formulated and implement their own Agenda 21 to confirm their activities towards sustainable development in reference to the major directions given in the Socio-economic Development Strategy and the Strategic Orientation Sustainable Development in Vietnam LOGO

44. FUTURE SD ORIENTATION How will the lessons translate into action during the next 10 years? • Vietnam's view of development, which has been shown in its 2011-2020 socio-economic development strategy, is that rapid development must be linked to sustainability. • Rapid development and sustainable development must go together in socio-economic development planning and policies. LOGO

45. 3.1. Challenges for future SD • Economic, energy and food crisis • Climate change • Degradation of natural resources (water, soil, biodiversity) • Environmental pollution: - The consequences of war (bombs and dioxins) - From socio-economic development 5. Low-effectiveness and wasteful production and consumption

46. GREEN GROWTH STRATEGY

47. GREEN GROWTH STRATEGY GREEN GROWTH A STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE ECOMOMIC DEVELOPMENT

48. Strategy objective The strategy aimed to restructure and change the country's growth model, effectively using natural resources to increase the competitiveness of the economy, create jobs and improve people's living standards, while coping with climate change and contributing to efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions LOGO

49. GREEN GROWTH The Green Growth Strategy in Vietnam is a method of accelerating the process of economic restructuring towards the more efficient use of natural resources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions through research and the application of modern technologies, developing infrastructure to improve the entire efficiency of the economy, coping with climate change, contributing to poverty reduction, and driving economic growth in a sustainable manner. LOGO

50. GREEN GROWTH The strategy would help Viet Nam reduce energy consumption by three per cent per GDP per year by 2020, while greenhouse gas emissions would drop by 10-15 per cent compared with 2010. LOGO