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Some overview and connections

Some overview and connections . What are three functions of the circulatory system and how are each related to the digestive or respiratory systems? 2. Helps maintain homeostasis: a. by transportation - of nutrients and wastes b. by protection - by white blood cells and antibodies

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Some overview and connections

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  1. Some overview and connections • What are three functions of the circulatory system and how are each related to the digestive or respiratory systems? 2. Helps maintain homeostasis: a. by transportation - of nutrients and wastes b. by protection - by white blood cells and antibodies c. by regulation - body temperature and pH Health indicators

  2. What components from blood are only obtained from the resp. system?The digestive system? • Iron-containing foods important for blood cell formation. – what portion of the hemoglobin is reused in the bone marrow? • Oxygen from the lungs • Waters and other nutrients (fats, sugars, amino acid)

  3. Other random- related facts Your body weight: 8% is blood – circulatory system ! 15% bone - skeletal 15% fat - digestion/nutrition/chemistry 45% muscle - muscular 17% skin, connective tissues, etc. - other

  4. How does resp. and dig systems relate to the functions of WBCs? • Infections are often introduced by air (airborne) or food and water (foodborne/waterborne). • What are the ways WBCs protect us?

  5. What about capillary beds? • What about RBCs?

  6. Respiration and Digestion An Overview with ANATOMY

  7. Physiology Overview

  8. Respiratory System I. Introduction A. Respiration - the exchange of gases. Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide.

  9. B. Pulmonary ventilation - movement of air between lungs and the outside

  10. C. External respiration - exchange of gas between lungs and the blood D. Internal respiration - exchange of gas between blood and the cells

  11. E. Cellular respiration - metabolic process using Oxygen in the cells (not exchange of gas)

  12. II. Anatomy

  13. A. Upper Respiratory Tract 1. Nose a. external nares = nostrils - separated by a nasal septum

  14. b. vestibule (entrance chamber) = posterior to nostril - separated by a nasal septum c. nasal cavityalso separated by septum

  15. http://content.answers.com/main/content/ img/elsevier/dental/f0098-01.jpg

  16. 1) nasal conchae = 3 bony projections forming narrower passages and thereby increasing surface area.

  17. http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2007/08/01/health/adam/9657.jpghttp://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2007/08/01/health/adam/9657.jpg

  18. 2) lining - mucous membrane with cilia and many blood vessels 3) paranasal sinuses - connect to nasal cavity

  19. 2. Pharynx a. nasopharynx - from nasal cavity (through internal nares) to oropharynx-- eustacian tubes connected b. oropharynx c. laryngopharynx - below the level of the tongue

  20. http://www.tiplit.com/images/organ/pharynx.jpg

  21. 3. Larynx "voice box" - connects pharynx with the tracheal a. cartilagenous boxlike structure

  22. b. glottis - opening into the larynx c. epiglottis - tongue-shaped cartilage which covers the glottis when swallowing.

  23. d. vocal cords - elastic fiber containing mucous membrane folds lacking cilia.

  24. http://www.gbmc.org/bin/r/n/Larynxcutsm.jpg

  25. http://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://academic.kellogg.cc.mi.us/herbrandsonc/bio201_McKinley/f25-7a-b_trachea_anteri_c.jpg&imgrefurl=http://academic.kellogg.cc.mi.us/herbrandsonc/bio201_McKinley/Respiratory%2520System.htm&h=801&w=800&sz=231&hl=en&start=4&tbnid=bVDFZv5YkTvGVM:&tbnh=143&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dtrachea%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://academic.kellogg.cc.mi.us/herbrandsonc/bio201_McKinley/f25-7a-b_trachea_anteri_c.jpg&imgrefurl=http://academic.kellogg.cc.mi.us/herbrandsonc/bio201_McKinley/Respiratory%2520System.htm&h=801&w=800&sz=231&hl=en&start=4&tbnid=bVDFZv5YkTvGVM:&tbnh=143&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dtrachea%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG

  26. 4. Trachea - "windpipe" 12 cm long and about 2.5 cm in diameter a. cartilage "rings" = hold open the air way

  27. http://academic.kellogg.cc.mi.us/herbrandsonc/bio201_McKinley/f25-7a-b_trachea_anteri_c.jpghttp://academic.kellogg.cc.mi.us/herbrandsonc/bio201_McKinley/f25-7a-b_trachea_anteri_c.jpg

  28. 1) cartilage is "C" - shaped open posteriorly a) open end touching the esophagus allows expansion

  29. b. branches in the thoracic cavity -- right and left bronchi c. lining of ciliated mucous membrane (psuedo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium)

  30. B. Lower tract (beginning in the thoracic cavity including some of the trachea as well) 1. Bronchial Tree a. primary bronchi - branch to lungs

  31. b. bronchioles - branches off the primary right and left bronchi c. alveolar ducts - branches off bronchioles d. alveoli - "tiny cavity"

  32. 1) 300 to 500 million in the average adult lungs 2) Huge surface area on the order of a tennis court per lung

  33. 3) Structure - basically a microscopic air space with a thin wall a) Wall - single layer of squamous epithelium - surfactant = a detergent like lining inner wall to allow alveoli to inflate quickly

  34. b) Capillaries

  35. 2. Lungs a. Surrounded by parietal and visceral pleurae (serous membranes) parietal lines thoracic cavity visceral directly covers the lungs

  36. Digestive System I. Introduction A. Digestion - the breakdown of food into small enough particles to be absorbed.

  37. 1. Mechanical 2. Chemical B. Digestive Organs 1. Gastrointestinal tract (alimentary canal) - mouth to anus.

  38. 2. Accessory Organs: • Teeth • Tongue • Salivary glands • Pancreas • Liver and gallbladder

  39. SEE PAGE 473 WINGERD C. Digestive process 1. Ingestion 2. Mechanical digestion (chewing, mixing with tongue, churning of stomach, and mixing in the small intestine)

  40. 3. Propulsion - movement of food through the GI tract (swallowing and peristalsis - series of involuntary muscle contraction)

  41. 4. Chemical digestion - the breakdown of large molecules into building blocks (enzymes in stomach and small intestine)

  42. 5. Absorption - movement of food molecules into blood or lymph

  43. 6. Defecation - elimination of indigestible material as feces

  44. II. Anatomy A. Associated tissues. 1. Peritoneum. a. parietal - lines the walls of the abdominopelvic cavity

  45. b. visceral - (serosa) covers the external surfaces of most digestive organs c. Peritoneal cavity - between the visceral and parietal with lubricating fluid

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