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Chapter 6: Contractarianism. The writings of Thomas Hobbes Individuals are prior to society Conflict arises as separate individuals seek the same thing The state of nature is one of war – all against all The solution is peace
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Chapter 6: Contractarianism • The writings of Thomas Hobbes • Individuals are prior to society • Conflict arises as separate individuals seek the same thing • The state of nature is one of war – all against all • The solution is peace • The contract is the agreement to give up certain items to gain one’s own self-interest.
Chapter 6: Contractarianism • Reading – The Leviathan • Man has equality of strength • Man has equality of hope • Three primary causes of quarrel • “Jus naturale” – the liberty of each man to use his own power for the preservation of his own nature. • Key words - law of nature - liberty - contract
Chapter 6: Contractarianism • Reading – The Leviathan • Leading to Promise • Leading to a Commonwealth • Leading to the Great Leviathan
Chapter 6: Contractarianism • Reading – Contractualism and Utilitarianism • The central place of Utilitarianism • Contractualism – an alternative • The basis of moral appraisal is the goal of maximizing the sum of individual well being • The “informed agreement” • Continued contrasts between the two positions
