United Nations University (UNU) Institute for Environment & Human Security

1. United Nations University (UNU) Institute for Environment & Human Security

2. UNU Campus Worldwide

3. Structure of UNU-EHS, Bonn

5. Number of people killed worldwide, 1973-2002 Source: UN/ISDR, 2004

6. Population living within 100 km of the coast

7. Fifty percent of the world's population currently live within sixty kilometers of the coast – at present, more than 3 billion people.

8. Risk f = hazard and vulnerability Vulnerability Risk Hazard How would you define vulnerability?

9. Vulnerability Definitions How much am I protected? VULNERABILITY “... a human condition or process resulting from physical, social, economic, and environmental factors which determine the likelihood and scale of damage from the impact of a given hazard“ (UNDP, 2004) “... the likelihood of injury, death, loss, disruption of livelihood or other harm in an extreme event, and/or unusual difficulties in recovering from such effects and adapt in the long-term to mitigate hazard impacts“ (Wisner, 2002)

10. Dimensions of Vulnerability Social DimensionVulnerability of different social groups,Role of social networks (coping) Economic and Infrastructure DimensionVulnerability of different economic sectors and infrastructures (life-lines – technical) Environmental DimensionEnvironmental fragility (groundwater, land)Dependency on environmental services Institutional DimensionEffectiveness and failure of structures and institutions

11. The Pressure and Release (PAR) model Source: According to Wisner et al., 2004: 51. Source: Wisner et al. 2004: 51

12. Vulnerability Assessment • Awarenss about the Role of society processes shaping damage • Understanding the underlying causes of risks • Developing indicators that show spatial differences in risk • Using vulnerability information to manage risks

13. WorldRiskIndex

14. Components and indicators of the WorldRiskIndex

15. Results for Exposure

16. Results for Vulnerability

17. Results for the WorldRiskIndex

18. Risk Management Focussed Risk Assessment Different vulnerabilities in different phases of a disaster During the disaster After the disaster Loss of life & Livelihood Loss of life& Livelihood Vulnerability factors Vulnerability factors 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

19. D A M A G E P R E V E N T I O N Early Warning & Response (short-term damage prevention) D A M A G E P R E V E N T I O N Exposure Reduction (long-term damage prevention) C R I S I S M ANAG EME NT e.g. infrastructures for warning decision, dissemination & evacuation e.g. hazard control, resettlement, building codes, hazard resistant infrastructures Hazard impact Risk Management Reconstruction(damage mitigation & long term damage prevention) Emergency Relief(damage mitigation) e.g. risk insurance & compensation, disaster resilient spatial planning e.g. contingency capacities and coordination C R I S I S M A N A G E M E N T

20. Baseline Risk Assessment: Hazard and Exposure

21. Case study Indonesia

22. Tsunami-genic Earthquakes in Indonesia

24. D A M A G E P R E V E N T I O N Early Warning & Response (short-term damage prevention) D A M A G E P R E V E N T I O N Exposure Reduction (long-term damage prevention) C R I S I S M ANAG EME NT e.g. infrastructures for warning decision, dissemination & evacuation e.g. hazard control, resettlement, building codes, hazard resistant infrastructures Hazard impact Risk Management Reconstruction(damage mitigation & long term damage prevention) Emergency Relief(damage mitigation) e.g. risk insurance & compensation, disaster resilient spatial planning e.g. contingency capacities and coordination C R I S I S M A N A G E M E N T

25. Risks and Risk Management Tasks during the occurence of a hazard event

28. Risks and Risk Management Tasks during the occurence of a hazard event

30. Risks and Risk Management Tasks during the occurence of a hazard event

33. Risks and Risk Management Tasks during the occurence of a hazard event

36. D A M A G E P R E V E N T I O N Early Warning & Response (short-term damage prevention) D A M A G E P R E V E N T I O N Exposure Reduction (long-term damage prevention) C R I S I S M ANAG EME NT e.g. infrastructures for warning decision, dissemination & evacuation e.g. hazard control, resettlement, building codes, hazard resistant infrastructures Hazard impact Risk Management Reconstruction(damage mitigation & long term damage prevention) Emergency Relief(damage mitigation) e.g. risk insurance & compensation, disaster resilient spatial planning e.g. contingency capacities and coordination C R I S I S M A N A G E M E N T

37. For further information: Niklas Gebert UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 10 53113 Bonn, Germany Tel.: + 49-228-815-0244 Fax: + 49-228-815-0299 e-mail: gebert@ehs.unu.edu www.bonn.unu.edu “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.”Nelson Mandela