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GERD Valve Gastro-esophageal reflux disease

Overview. GERD (with problem statement)Current methods of treatmentClient requirementsDan and Joel's designJoe and Carter's designDavid and Ben's designFuture work. Problem Statement. In order to prevent GERD, gastro-esophageal reflux disease, our goal is to design an implantable valve. The valve must be a passive two-way valve that opens at low pressures in the downward direction for food to pass and at high pressures in the upward direction for burping and vomiting. The goal is to perm24

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GERD Valve Gastro-esophageal reflux disease

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    1. GERD Valve (Gastro-esophageal reflux disease) David Ugai, Dan Carlson, Joe Bothwell, Carter Vogds, Ben Roedl, and Joel Miesfeld Client: Professor John Webster Advisor: Professor Damian Bird

    3. Overview GERD (with problem statement) Current methods of treatment Client requirements Dan and Joel’s design Joe and Carter’s design David and Ben’s design Future work

    4. Problem Statement In order to prevent GERD, gastro-esophageal reflux disease, our goal is to design an implantable valve. The valve must be a passive two-way valve that opens at low pressures in the downward direction for food to pass and at high pressures in the upward direction for burping and vomiting. The goal is to permanently prevent gastric contents refluxing from the stomach into the esophagus, which causes irritation and pain to people with GERD.

    5. Background Information The upper digestive anatomy .1 M HCl pH=1 The esophagus moves food by peristalsis.

    6. Background cont…. (The LES)

    7. GERD Symptoms Heart burn Regurgitation nausea Reflux LES too weak Stays relaxed

    8. Treatments Eating habits Sleep Medications Surgery

    9. Fundoplication Stomach wrapped around esophagus One way valve Allows food in Prevents GERD

    10. Side Effects of Fundoplication Bloating Most symptoms improve 3% severe Inability to belch

    11. Client Requirements Must be a two-way valve Must open to allow food to enter the stomach Must open to allow gas and vomiting to exit the stomach Withstand a pH level of 1

    12. “Hourglass” pressure valve Dan Carlson and Joel Miesfeld

    13. Goals of Design Accepted by body Withstand degradation under constant contact with concentrated HCl As non-invasive and simple as possible Flexible material that can move with peristalsis of esophagus Easy downward opening Pressure needed to open upwards

    14. Proposed Design

    15. Valve Orientations Intake is by easy passage Gas or Vomit must exert a large force to move upward

    16. Testing Required Test to determine if sutures are needed to eliminate vertical movement Study pressures involved in vomiting and burping and gauge stiffness of material along these lines

    17. Hydrogels Hydrogels are pH sensitive material The material expands with lower pH and shrinks with high pH Material could be used to coat valve Have been tested in-vivo in human subjects in the Netherlands (few ill effects were observed)

    18. Spring-Loaded Pressure Device Joe Bothwell and Carter Vogds

    19. Proposed Design

    20. LES Diagram

    21. Materials Stainless steel Corrosion resistant Long lifespan Polymer coated Many polymers are safe to use for human implants. Ex. Heart valves, knee replacement,

    22. Design Pros

    23. Further Considerations

    24. …Further Considerations The sphincter may not continue to function correctly if it does not support the implant. If the device malfunctions and needs to be removed, sphincter function may be further compromised. Implant may cause discomfort to the recipient, particularly while swallowing. A large amount of data collection would be necessary in order to initiate human trials.

    25. Projected Deliverables The simple design of the device should allow for the construction of a prototype. Animal testing could be a possibility given the realization of a working prototype. The mechanical dynamics are simple, allowing for accurate models to be formed before construction.

    26. References http://www.gerd.com/intro/frame/grossovw.htm http://www.becomehealthynow.com/article/bodydigestive/727/ Dr. Kao, University of Wisconsin Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering

    27. Rotating Disc Device

    28. Proposed Design Disc (weighted) Stoppers Grooves Shape

    29. Design (continued) Bottom stopper Holes (allows pressure) Groove Incline of Groove

    30. Intake vs. Release

    31. Further Considerations Pressure values for intake and release must be known Need to find a flexible biomaterial Need to find a biomaterial able to withstand strong acid Extensive testing needed

    32. Future Work Meet with client Discuss designs as a team Decide pro’s and con’s of each design Choose a design Begin to investigate biomaterials for project

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