Large Synoptic Survey Telescope Victor Krabbendam LSST Project Manager

1. Large Synoptic Survey TelescopeVictor KrabbendamLSST Project Manager

2. LSST is a multi-agency project NSF / DOE coordinated – MOU established National Science Board: NSF Director can move LSST forward DOE has assigned SLAC National Accelerator Center to build the Camera LSST is now an independent AURA Center for construction LSST Center and NOAO Center have MOU for specific cooperation Project is organized and preparing for July 2014 construction New C.A for Design and Development FY13- FY15 Budget set: Requesting $466M NSF, $160M DOE, $36M Private Schedule duration is 7 years 3 months from NSF construction start The LSST Project continues to progress steadily in anticipation of a July 2014 formal construction start LSST was ASTO 2010 highest ranked new ground based facility – We are preparing for a 2014 Start

3. The need for a new survey telescope has been recognized for many years • 1996-2000 “Dark Matter Telescope” Emphasizedmapping dark matter in the universe • 2000 - “LSST” Emphasizes a broad range of science from the same multi-wavelength survey data, including unique time domain exploration • 2003 - LSST Corporation • 2011 – AURA LSST Center

4. The LSST Science Book describes the investigations possible from a single survey • Strong end user case • 245 contributors • 11 science collaborations • 598 pages • Living document (on lsst.org) • arXiv/0912.0201 http://www.lsst.org/lsst/scibook

5. The LSST survey will address today’s compelling questions in astro-physics • Probing dark matter and dark energy • Mapping the Milky Way • Finding Near earth asteroids and other transients • A single unprecedented survey: • 20 billion objects cataloged • 4 billion galaxies with redshifts • 6 filters covering 320 – 1050 nm • Time domain information x1000 (106 supernovas) • High precision, high uniformity, calibrated data Finding Near Earth Asteroids

6. LSST receives strong Astro2010 decadal survey endorsement • LSST ranked as the highest priority large ground-based facility for the next decade. • Compelling Science case • Addresses many science goals (massively parallel astro-physics) • Technical maturity • Risk and appraised costs are ready for construction process • LSST is most “ready-to-go”

7. Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) • To build an observing facility, conduct 10-year survey, archive and serve images and developed data products • Wide Fast Deep Optical Survey • 8.4 M Primary Aperture • 3.5 Degree Field Of View • 3.2 Billion Pixel Camera • ~40 Second Cadence • Two 15 second exposures • Full sky coverage every few nights • Data Served and Archived • Alerts of new events • Catalogs of objects • Education and Public Outreach is included 2012

8. (Full moon is 0.5 degrees) What makes the LSST a unique Telescope? Primary Mirror Diameter Field of View 0.2 degrees Gemini South Telescope 8 m 3.5 degrees LSST 8.4 m

9. Wide Fast Deep coverage of the available sky • Each sky patch will be visited >800 times • Asurvey of 20 billion objects in space and time

10. LSST probes 100x fainter & enables the exploration of the time domain ca. 1950 POSS (Photographic) ca. 2000 SDSS (Digital) ca. 2021 LSST (Digital + Time Domain)

11. LSST Designed to be a Community Resource Open data • No proprietary period for U.S. and Chilean astronomers • Funding model designed to serve these two communities Open Source Software New Model for Astronomy • Excites significant scientific enthusiasm • Agency Support • Public excitement • Huge opportunity for education and multi discipline interaction • STEM education and public interaction • Database technology and Data intensive science

12. LSST has attracted a great deal of interest • LSST Corporation has 36 institutional partners • Operations strategy now includes 66 international institutions • Over 400 scientists in 12 different Science collaborations • ~10 years of DOE and NSF design support • ~$40 in Private donations

13. LSST is investing in significant survey and image simulation Observing an LSST simulation Producing a simulated image Pointing, Filter, Airmass, Time and Atmosphere from Op Sim Custom instance of field of view 1010 photons per CCD Separate amplifiers

14. Site selection was an early trade that supports design and construction readiness Central Chile Location Map Cerro Pachón chosen in 2006 after 2 year global evaluation by international committee. La Serena airport La Serena port 50 km paved highway LSSTBase Facility Coquimbo Puclarodam & tunnel Vicuña CTIO AURAproperty(Totoral) 40km dirt road Pan-American Highway Gemini & SOAR N LSST SITE 0 10 20 km

15. Site choice supports design maturity, cost basis, risk and construction preparation • Environmental and Use permits in place • Chilean “10%” agreement completed LSST rendering Gemini SOAR ----2647 m

16. LSST Corporation invested non-federal funds for early site leveling in 2011 • Stage 1 of summit leveling • ~4,000 kg of explosives • 12,500 m3 removed on main site First production blast: March 8th 2011, 60 kg of explosive dislodges ~320 m3 of rock

17. LSST Corporation invested non-federal funds for early site leveling in 2011

18. Optical design was another early trade study addressed as a complete system

19. The LSST optical system is 3 mirrors and 3 lenses to form 3.5° field of view Secondary Mirror Camera Lenses Primary and Tertiary Mirrors

20. Mirror designs are advanced - Private funding enabled early start of both reflective optics • Primary-Tertiary cast in 2008. • Fabrication underway at the Steward Observatory Mirror Lab - completion in Summer 2013. • Secondary substrate fabricated by Corning in 2009. • Currently in storage waiting for construction.

21. LSST is ready for secondary mirror optical fabrication vendor selection process • Pre-solicitation announcement in FedBizOpps - 26 June 2012 • Release Request for Proposal: August 2012 • Full bid for optical fabrication • Time and materials hardware integration/test • Optional effort to build mirror support hardware • Phase A: Initial final design work and vendor specific risk reduction • Phase B: Fabrication phase authorized only after MREFC start • Early identification of optical fabrication contractor allows FDR preparation and cost basis

22. M2 Proposal Evaluation Plans • Project Evaluation = 4 weeks. • AURA Approval = 3 weeks. • NSF Approval = 4 weeks (Longer for Holidays in this schedule). • Final Negotiation and contract placement = 3 weeks. • 3 1/2 months to let a contract assumes no significant issues. • This M2 procurement is a pathfinder to validate our approach.

23. Camera system design is well advanced • 3.2 Gigapixel science array – 63 cm diameter • Wavefront and guide sensors • 2 second readout • 5 filters in camera • Electronics Utility Trunk—houses support electronics and utilities Cryostat—contains focal plane & its electronics L3 Lens 1.65 m (5’-5”) Filter Focal plane L2 Lens L1 Lens Camera ¾ Section

24. LSST focal plane is a modular design of 21 rafts totaling 189 science sensors 4K x 4K CCD with 10µm pixelsis divided into 16 1Mpix segments with individual readout 3X3 CCD “RAFT” Each raft has electronics and thermal elements to be autonomous 144 Mpixel array

25. Summit facility (fixed building) 90% design completed – 100% before end of year 30 m diameter dome 1.2 m diameter atmospheric telescope Control room and heat producing equipment (lower level) 1,380 m2 service and maintenance facility Stray light and Wind Screen Wind light screen prototype designed for mechanism and life testing

26. A Peta-scale data management system has been designed for the LSST • LSST Data Management System must deal with an unprecedented data volume. • one 6.4-gigabyte image every 17 seconds • 15 terabytes of raw scientific image data / night • 60-petabyte final image data archive • 20-petabyte final database catalog • 2 million real time events per night every night for 10 years • Provide a highly reliable open source system to provide: • Real time alerts, • catalog data products, • image data. • Provides the infrastructure to transport, process, and serve the data.

27. Cyber infrastructure is defined and capacity has been identified to handle data volume Archive /Data Center Data Release Production at IN2P3 • Summit-Base network will be installed by the project. • Working with NSF funded network consortiums on capacity. • International protected network identified and quoted (upgraded.) MOU in place – Technical details pending

28. LSST data processing pipelines are designed, and prototyped and tested in data challenges • Data Challenges have continued every 6 months. • Unique database design to address multiple trillion row data sets.

29. EPO is developing products and tools to meet the public user where they are • Collaborating with DM on User Interface Design: Sharing UML Domain Model. • Building Sustainable Partnerships: Outreach Advisory Board, Potential Collaborators. • Prototyping Modules: Citizen Science, iPhone app, WWT Tour, Multiuser Touchtable interfaces. • Documenting: Baseline Design, Subsystem Requirements, Inclusion in SysML model.

30. Director / LSSTC President • Sidney Wolff • Deputy Director • Steve Kahn Management team for construction period has continuity with current staff • Chief Scientist • Tony Tyson • Project Scientist • Zeljko Ivezic • Project Manager • Victor Krabbendam • Calibration Scientist • Tim Axelrod • Image Simulation Scientist • Andy Connolly • Op. Simulation Scientist • Abi Saha • Business Manager • Daniel Calabrese • Safety Manager • Chuck Gessner • Science Council • Systems Engineer • Chuck Claver • Systems Scientist • Open • Camera Project Manager • Nadine Kurita • Project Scientist • Andy Rasmussen • Data Management Project Manager • Jeff Kantor • Project Scientist • Mario Juric • Telescope and Site Project Manager • Bill Gressler • Project Scientist • Open • Education and Public Outreach Manager • Suzanne Jacoby • Project Scientist • Tim Axelrod

31. 7 year 3 month schedule developed to align with camera delivery to summit in July 2019

32. LSST total federal construction budget sets not to exceed levels or * Private funded construction not included in pie chart

33. Construction budget profile matches each Agency’s funding plans and outlook • DOE yearly budget profile is included in department of Science budget • NSF MREFC funding fits within projections

34. LSST Project objective is “Preparing for Construction” Highest Priority is Preparing for next Agency Reviews • CD3a and FDR late in 2013 • Update/upgrade Project Management Control System Prolonged D&D to “Time is money” construction • Maintain excellent scientific ties • Program is now constrained - Track progress toward plan Staffing Additions • Director, Systems Engineer, PMCS, Office Administrator Business System Updates • $10M/yr to $100M/yr organization • “Routine”, “Robust”, and some case “enhance” Continue Technical Progress and Risk reduction

35. Future home of LSST on Cerro Pachón LSST Site Calibration Hill Image credit: David Walker

37. LSST Project and Corporation have developed in preparation for MREFC Construction • LSSTC is a 501(c) 3 founded in 2003 to build and operate the LSST • In October 2011 LSST construction project became and Independent AURA Center - The University of Arizona - University of Washington - National Optical Astronomy Observatory - Research Corporation for Science Advancement - Adler Planetarium- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) - California Institute of Technology- Carnegie Mellon University- Chile- Cornell University- Drexel University- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory - George Mason University- Google, Inc.- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics- Institut de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3)- Johns Hopkins University- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology - Stanford University- Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Inc. - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory(LLNL)- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) • - National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO - Princeton University- Purdue University- Rutgers University- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory- Space Telescope Science Institute- Texas A & M University- The Pennsylvania State University- University of California at Davis- University of California at Irvine- University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign- University of Michigan- University of Pennsylvania- University of Pittsburgh- Vanderbilt University

38. Several key and defining requirements flowdown to the observing system • High throughput optical system for image depth. • 8.4 meter primary aperture and 1.6 meter diameter camera lens • 3.5 degree field of view, 6 filters, fast f/1.2 beam • Sky coverage with quick and agile telescope. • 15 second exposure – 2 second readout – 15 second exposure • “5 sec slew & settle” between visits • Tight control of systematic error and noise. • Image quality and PSF shape control • Well baffled camera, telescope and facility • High efficiency and duty cycle. • Repeating all night, each night for 10 years • Maintenance support to limit downtime • High Capacity data management system • 2.5 million visits – 5 million images • 15Tb /night – 100Pb after 10 years