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TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTION ESCI, Zugspitze March 4th, 2010

TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTION ESCI, Zugspitze March 4th, 2010. Mag. Maximilian Edelbacher Special investigator, lecturer Dr. Michael Platzer Professor, Chair of NGO`s in Vienna. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTION. 1. CHANGING CONDITIONS

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TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTION ESCI, Zugspitze March 4th, 2010

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  1. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTIONESCI, Zugspitze March 4th, 2010 Mag. Maximilian Edelbacher Special investigator, lecturer Dr. Michael Platzer Professor, Chair of NGO`s in Vienna

  2. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTION • 1. CHANGING CONDITIONS OF SECURITY • 2. TRADITIONAL METHODS OF INVESTIGATION • 3. TECHNOLOGY CHANGES • 4. FEAR OF TECHNOLOGIES • 5. EIGHT PRINCIPLES OF CP. • 6. WHICH SOLUTIONS WORKS?

  3. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTION • 1. CHANGING CONDITIONS • Historically seen over centuries the state claimed to maintain public law and order. • This changed to a balance of law and order and fundamental rights if individual personal freedom • Fears of terrorism and organized crime, worldwide movements and change of moral concepts are new frame conditions of police work

  4. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTION • Fears of people – exogene factors: • Worldwide movements • Development of crime • Tendency to violence • Terrorism, extremism • Trafficking of drugs • Corruption, police brutality • Violation of human rights

  5. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTION • 2. TRADITIONAL METHODS OF INVESTIGATION • Traditional methods of investigation are based on criminology knowledge • The seven „Golden W“ investigations • Methods of personal informations by interviewing suspects, wittnesses • Classical investigation methods like crime scene investigations

  6. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME CONTROL • 3. TECHNOLOGY CHANGES • New Concepts of investigations (1): • The present state of electronic technology makes it possible to control citizens at every moment • Biometric Technologies • Audio- and visual surveillance • Internet and E-commerce checking • Checking of wireless communication

  7. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME CONTROL • New concepts of investigations (2): • Computer based wire tapping • Eaves dropping • Cell phone surveillance • Methods of strategic- and operational analyzing • Data-Profiling – Behavioral Targeting • Pro-active actions • Crime mapping, hot spots analyzing • Data warehousing

  8. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CONTROL PREVENTION • 4. FEAR OF TECHNOLOGY: • Art. 8 EHRC defines privacy; there is a tremendous fear of violation of human rights by technical devises • Welsh/Farrington 2002: CCP reduction of crime only 4%; no effect on violent crimes • Gill/Spriggs 2005: „Videotapping brings little overall effect on crime levels“ • Bornewasser 2007: Videotapping only relatively successful

  9. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTION • Technology and fear of human rights violation – criticism examples: • Biometric Technologies: fatal errors • Video-surveillance: human rights violations • Internet Privacy: investigations without informing data owners – cloud computering, open for hackers, thefts, illegal activities • Wireless Communications and local tracking intimate details of personal life – few legal standards for monitoring • Wiretapping: no checks and balances • Data Profiling – Behavioral Targeting: contain errors, wrong conclusions

  10. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTION • 5. EIGHT PRINCIPLES OF CRIME • 1. Government leadership is required at all levels to create and maintain an institu- tional framework for crime prevention • 2. The integration of crime prevention strategies into development plans (jobs, education, family support, urban planning youth projects) • 3. Cooperation between government organi- sations, civil society and business sector • 4. Adequate funding for establishing sustainable programmes

  11. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTION • 5. Actions should be based on expert knowledge (multidisciplinary under- standing of crime problems, causes and proven effective strategies) • 6. Respect for human rights, the rule of law and promotion of a culture of lawfulness • 7. Consideration of local offending to exogenous factors – organized crime • 8. Differentiated strategies for special groups (boys, adult males, vulnerable members of society) re-integration strategies for ex-offenders

  12. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CONTROL PREVENTION • 6. WHICH SOLUTIONS WORK? • Reduction of crime is possible by: • Law & Order: The New York model of „No Toller- ance“ was an answer to crime • Technology: • Video taping, crime mapping, • Social Crime Prevention Implementing care programs

  13. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTION • Situational Crime Prevention Methodes: • A Model of Crime Prevention shows a triangle: Offender – Place – Target; Situational Crime Prevention Stategies try to reduce possibities for committing crimes • By a so called second triangle: Hendler – Manager – Guardian dangerous situations shall be reduced

  14. TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL CRIME PREVENTION • Questions? • Discussion?

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