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Newton & Leibniz Controversy. SIR ISAAC NEWTON. Born: 4 January 1643 in Woolsthorpe -by- Colsterworth , England School: Kings School, Grantham University: Trinity College Cambridge (Graduated 1665) Other Bouts: vs Robert Hooke (Gravitation)
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SIR ISAAC NEWTON • Born: 4 January 1643 in Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth, England • School: Kings School, Grantham • University: Trinity College Cambridge (Graduated 1665) • Other Bouts: vs Robert Hooke (Gravitation) • Famous Theories: 3 Laws of Motion Binomial Theorem Universal Gravitation • Other: Suffered from Asperger’s Syndrome* * As argued by Simon Baron Cohen (References)
Gottfried Leibniz • Born: 1 July 1646, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany • Education: University of Leipzig (Graduated 1662) Philosophy Law • Achievements: Invented first mass produced CalculatorAdmitted as foreign honorary member of French Academy of Sciences.Refined Binary Code System.
THE DISPUTE • Whether Leibniz had discovered Calculus independently of Newton, or had invented another notation for it. OR
Timeline of the Dispute: 1666 – Newton first refers to differential form (Although didn’t publish an account of his notation until 1693) 1675 – Newton manuscript of theories sent to Tschirnhaus. (At a time when Tschirnhaus and Leibniz were known to be collaborating.) Earliest use of Leibniz’s use of differentials. 1676 - Leibniz admitted to having seen some of Newton’s letters, but denied their value with regards to Calculus. 1696 – Guillaume de L’Hopital publishes book on Calculus from Leibniz point of view, although acknowledges Newton’s work of 1680s 1704 – Anonymous Review implies Newton had borrowed ideas of Calculus from Leibniz 1712 – Newton publishes a paper ‘anonymously’ referencing argument that all Leibniz’s ideas of Calculus were derived from Newton
Questions to Consider: • Why was the dispute considered important? • What effect could the controversy have on each individuals legacy? • What lessons were to be learned from the controversy? • Why is History in Mathematics relevant?