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Chapter 36

Chapter 36. Sectioning Basics. Introduction. Sections Drawn to show vertical relationships of structural materials Show methods of construction for framing crew Before drawing, it is important to understand: Different types of sections Common scales

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Chapter 36

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  1. Chapter 36 Sectioning Basics

  2. Introduction • Sections • Drawn to show vertical relationships of structural materials • Show methods of construction for framing crew • Before drawing, it is important to understand: • Different types of sections • Common scales • Relationship of cutting plane to the section

  3. Section Origination • Building sections • Result of passing the viewing plane through a structure to reveal construction methods used • Material in front of viewing plane cannot be seen • Material behind viewing plane is projected to the plane and reproduced in the section

  4. Section Origination (cont’d.) • Another visualization method • Think of the viewing plane as a giant saw that slices vertically through a structure and divides it into two portions • One portion is removed to allow viewing of the portion that remains

  5. Section Alignment • Drawing is read from the bottom or right side of the page • Cutting plane • Shows which way the section is being viewed • Arrows should be pointing to the top or left side of the paper • If possible, should extend through entire structure • Can be broken for notes or dimensions • Can be jogged to show material clearly

  6. Types of Sections • Full sections • View that result from passing the cutting plane through the entire structure • Meant to give an overall view of a specific area • Transverse section • Longitudinal section

  7. Types of Sections (cont’d.) • Partial sections • A section that does not go completely through the structure • Used to show construction materials for specific areas of the structure • Typically used to supplement full sections • Also used on complex structures as a reference for details of complicated areas

  8. Types of Sections (cont’d.) • Details • Enlargements of specific areas of a structure • Typically drawn where several components intersect or where small members are required

  9. Drawing Scale • Sections are typically drawn at a scale of 3/8" = 1'–0" • Scales of 1/8" or 1/4" may be used for supplemental sections requiring little detail • Partial section may be drawn at a scale of 3/8" = 1'–0", 1/2" = 1'–0", or 3/4" = 1'–0 • Details are typically drawn at a scale of 1/2" = 1'–0" through 3" = 1'–0"

  10. Drawing Scale (cont’d.) • Factors that influence choice of scales in drawing sections: • Size of drawing sheet • Size of project • Placement of section • Purpose of section

  11. Drawing Scale (cont’d.) • Primary section • Typically drawn at a scale of 3/8" = 1'–0" • Main advantage is ease of distinguishing each structural member • Other sections are drawn at 1/4" = 1'–0" • By combining drawings at these two scales: • Typical information can be placed on 3/8" section • 1/4" sections show variations with little detail

  12. Representing and Locating Materials • Type of section drawn will dictate: • Amount of information displayed • Smaller the drawing scale, the less information • How the material will be represented • Details require more attention to line contrast and the use of more varied line weights

  13. Representing and Locating Materials (cont’d.) • Using line contrast • Details require a minimum of four different line weights to provide contrast between materials • Line weights vary depending on scale • Goal of each section is to have good contrast • Thin lines represent construction materials • Thick lines represent structural materials

  14. Representing and Locating Materials (cont’d.) • Representing material • Method used depends on drawing scale • Wood, timber, and engineered products • Steel • Unit masonry • Concrete • Glazing • Insulation

  15. Representing and Locating Materials (cont’d.) • Locating materials with dimensions • Vertical and horizontal dimensions may be placed on sections • Partial sections and details generally show only vertical dimensions • Small-scale sections use of dimensions depends on the area represented

  16. Representing and Locating Materials (cont’d.) • Locating materials with dimensions (cont’d.) • Vertical dimensions • Given from bottom of sole plate to top of the top plate for wood-frame structures • Steel stud walls • Structural steel • Masonry units • Concrete slab

  17. Representing and Locating Materials (cont’d.) • Locating materials with dimensions (cont’d.) • Horizontal dimensions • Use varies greatly • Usually not placed on partial sections or details, except for footing widths • Generally are located from grid lines to desired member

  18. Representing and Locating Materials (cont’d.) • Drawing symbols • Symbols found on sections include: • Grid markers • Elevation markers • Section markers • Detail markers • Room names and numbers

  19. Representing and Locating Materials (cont’d.) • Drawing notations • Used to specify materials and explain special installation procedures • Placed as either local or keyed notes • When possible, notes should be placed on exterior of the building • Smaller the scale, more generic the notes

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