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Comparing policing in the UK and USA Sgt. Richard Heslop Sgt. Laura Heslop West Yorkshire Police, England. Themes. UK policing (structure / principles / practices) West Yorkshire Police Current developments in UK policing Similarities and differences (UK and USA)
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Comparing policing in the UK and USA Sgt. Richard Heslop Sgt. Laura Heslop West Yorkshire Police, England
Themes • UK policing (structure / principles / practices) • West Yorkshire Police • Current developments in UK policing • Similarities and differences (UK and USA) • Information sharing (during and post visit)
United Kingdom of Great Britain England and Wales and Northern Ireland (43 police forces) Single police force NI and Scotland
Structure of UK Policing • Single police force in both Northern Ireland and Scotland • 43 Territorial police forces in England and Wales • Small number of specialist and national policing agencies • 20% reduction in budgets
UK Policing • Police officers 134,100 26% women • Constable 106,780 29% • Sergeant 22,359 18% • Inspector 6,833 17% • Chief Inspector 1,949 15% • Superintendant 997 15% • Chief Supt 445 11% • ACPO 223 17% • Chief Constable 43 14%
Key principles and practices • Neighbourhood ( or community) policing • Partnership working (Crime and Disorder Act 1998) • Extended policing family • Intelligence led policing (NIM) • Problem solving
West Yorkshire Police • 4th largest police force • 5700 sworn officers • 4300 civilian staff • 8 territorial policing divisions (districts): • Response (patrol) and Neighbourhood Policing and CID • Calls for service
WYP Specialist Departments • HMET (homicide and major enquiries) • Centralised Operational Support (includes training and communications) • Integrated Offender Management (IOM) • Counter Terrorism Unit
Developments in England and Wales • Elected Police and Crime Commissioners • Police Reform • Direct entry • Pre-employment training / education • Professionalization • Privatization • The call to routinely arm the police
Fiona Bone and Nicola Hughes, unarmed police officers killed in Manchester England (17 Sept 2012)
Firearms • 5% authorised firearms officers • Approx 7000 firearms offences • 349 serious injury • 39 fatal (648 total homicides) • Trend is downwards - 13% lower than previous 12 months • 3 incidents
Firearms: continued • Since 1945 – 256 police officers shot and killed and 21 stabbed to death. • None of these happened in Wales. • 4 shot and 2 stabbed in Scotland. • 51 shot and 19 stabbed in England. • 201 shot in Northern Ireland.
Questions / discussion Email: r.heslop@tiscali.co.uk
Gun ownership and violence in U.S.A In 2004 36.5% of Americans reported having a gun in their home Majority of gun-related deaths suicides: (17,352 in 2007) In 2009 15,241 homicides in US 9,146 deaths were by firearms Homicides per capita are 48 times greater than in the UK