What Great Lakes Maritime Environmental Course Should We Steer?

1. What Great Lakes Maritime Environmental Course Should We Steer? Maritime Day Cleveland Ohio March 08, 2006 Richard D. Stewart, Ph.D. Co-Director

2. Taking the Environmental High Road • Stop the History of Quiet Environmental Activism • “If we do not learn from History we are doomed to repeat it.” Winston Churchill • Be bold and be open about all aspects • Create A Great Lakes Use Ethic – • “We hold this land in trust for future generations” Aldo Leopold A Sand County Almanac • Great Lakes Stewardship • Promote Sustainable Development • Minimize and Mitigate impacts • Prepare contingency plans and have them publicly evaluated • Take a Holistic Viewpoint

3. Steering a True Course Tomorrow • Think Strategic Environmental Assessment • All elements of a system including life-cycle of carriers. – Ecological, Physical, Aesthetic, Social • Systems Approach: Ports, Infrastructure, Ships • European Model – Sea, Air, Noise, Land, AestheticVessels • How does the GLMTS compare to other systems? • There is no long term benefit to society in supporting the least environmentally beneficial system! • Know what the other modes are doing and what their environmental signature is compared to yours – Think Supply Chain Management like a shipper does where marine is one link.

4. Steering a True Course Tomorrow • Embrace Environmentalism • Collaborative Partnerships – USCG, Green Marine coalition, Do not talk just to each other! Sponsor an environmental activist to attend marine events. • Be aware of what other modes environmental activism efforts • EPA’s Smartway Transport Partnerships • Establish Environmental Credibility • Support Academic Studies • Provide matching funds for appropriate grants • Interact with and support key stakeholders • Create an Education program for the Public, Government Agencies,K-12 and universities • Seek out recognized certification • ISO-14000 • Compete for environmental awards and publish when you win

5. Thinking and Acting for Tomorrow • Where are we now? • Do we have a baseline? Measure to improve! • How do we improve today’s ships & ports • Buffers or Bio-diesel? Refuel, Retrofit or Replace • How do we build better replacement ships? • Timetable for re-powering or replacement?? • What would be extended season impacts? • Will global warming mean longer seasons? • What would be incremental traffic impacts? • If we get better at using the MTS for new markets what will be the environmental costs and benefits?

6. What are the Market Benefits of Environmental Activism? • Emission Credit Registry for Offsets • MOBILE SOURCE EMISSION REDUCTION CREDIT (MERC): CALIFORNIA AND TEXAS – Osprey Line is a leader • Trade on Markets • Pass Benefits to Shippers – Competitive Advantage against other modes • Reduced Port Fees – Example: European Green Ports • Ecological Sustainability leads to improved business efficiencies. – Asian Ports • Green Benefits for Shippers- marketing and media • Federal and State Planning for marine Transportation – Midwest Freight Corridor Study • Tax Credits – Federal and State • If you sell or use biodiesel (not in a mixture) as a fuel, you may be eligible for a general business credit on your income tax return. The biodiesel fuel credit consists of a straight biodiesel fuel credit and a biodiesel mixture credit. – Federal IRS

7. Environmental Group’s Support for Marine Transportation • Section 7 Water transportA. Introduction“TR400 Water transport is energy efficient, usually has a low environmental impact, and can offer significant benefits to the economy. Well-managed ships generally cause less environmental damage than other motorized methods for the transportation of goods. Ships compare favorably in respect of air pollution, noise and use of land for infrastructure.” The Green Party http://policy.greenparty.org.uk/mfss/transprt.html

8. Where is the GLMTS in this? • MICHIGAN'S $2-BILLION INITIATIVE: State aims to become nation's alternative energy hub • "If we're serious about reducing large amounts of oil, transportation is the place we should be looking," said Jason Mark, a transportation analyst with the Union of Concerned Scientists in Berkeley, Calif. "I think we are one of a handful of places in North America that is focusing a significant amount of attention on this," said Jeff Mason, senior vice president for technology at the Michigan Economic Development Corp. "Michigan is one of the top states that is focusing its attention and investment dollars on research and development of emerging industries such as alternative energy and renewable fuels." Marine is the smart transportation alternative!

9. A Few Relevant Studies • US Maritime Administration, Environmental Advantages of Inland barge Transportation, 1994 • “Environmental Impact Assessments of Short Sea Shipping”, SNAME Transactions, Vo. 105 1997 • “A Tale of Two Ports: Comparing Environmental Management”, Corporate Environmental Strategy, 1997. • Geographical Characterization of Ship Traffic and Emissions, Transportation Research Record, No. 1909, 2005 • “Inland Waterways: Ports and Channels; and the Marine Environment”, Transportation Research Record, No. 1909, 2005 • “Port Safety Security, Health and Environment”, Tropical Coasts, Vol. 12, No. 2, 2005 • National Clean Diesel Campaign, EPA, 2006