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IART-219/220/221 Animation Character Representation

IART-219/220/221 Animation Character Representation  Believable Characters  Behavioural Modeling  Emotional States  Face and Facial Expressions Characters Characters Communication through representation of characters and their actions Identify with? Fantasize about? … ?

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IART-219/220/221 Animation Character Representation

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  1. IART-219/220/221AnimationCharacter Representation Believable Characters  Behavioural Modeling  Emotional States  Face and Facial Expressions

  2. Characters

  3. Characters • Communication through representation of characters and their actions • Identify with? Fantasize about? … ? • Strongly under influence of social stereotypes and political rules • Sexism • Racism • … ? • Politically correctness ?

  4. Visual Development • Look • Cartoon • Stylized • Realistic • Anatomy • External Shape and Silhouette • Internal Structure (for 3D animation) • Skeleton, joints, etc

  5. Believability vs. Realism • “Disney animation makes audience really believe in characters. There is a special ingredient in our type of animation that produces drawing that appear to think and make decisions and act of their own volition; it is what creates the illusion of life.” F. Thomas and O. Johnston

  6. Believability • “Believability. That is what we were striving for.” Chuck Jones (Warner Bros.) • “From the earliest days, it has been the portrayal of emotions that has given the Disney characters the illusion of life.” Thomas and Johnston (Disney)

  7. Believable Character • Personality traits • Long term individual characteristics • Moods • Relatively short-term results of events, situations, and needs • Emotion and sensation • Knowledge/job/actions • What a person is supposed to do • Rules of interaction • Immediate actions and reactions (talking, moving, expressions, etc)

  8. MBTI Personality Framework • Myers-Briggs Type Indicator • Type of Social Interaction • Extrovert (E) • Introvert (I) • Preference for Gathering Data • Sensing (S) • Intuitive (N) • Preference for Decision Making • Feeling (F) • Thinking (T) • Style of Decision Making • Perceptive (P) • Judgmental (J)

  9. “Big Five” Personality Model • Extraversion • Agreeableness • Emotional stability • Openness to experience • Conscientiousness

  10. Thayer’s Mood Models

  11. Russell’s Circumplex Model Alarmed Aroused Excited Afraid Delighted Angry Happy Frustrated Content Depressed Sad Calm Bored Relaxed Tired Sleepy

  12. Behavioural Modeling (Arya,DiPaola)

  13. Modeling Hierarchy (Funge,Tu,Terzopoulos)

  14. Personality Representation • External shape • Silhouette • Internal structure • Facial expressions • Body poses • Timing and Rhythm • Typical behaviours

  15. Example 1 – Drunken Pig

  16. Drunken Pig • Outer Shape: Massive, uniform, even boring • Silhouette: Little details, limbs don’t show • Internal Structure: Limited joint mobility • Facial Expressions: None, just a blank stare • Body Poses: Monotonous • Timing: Slow, off-beat, erratic

  17. Example 2 – Perky Girl

  18. Perky Girl • Outer Shape: Well-defined, many shapes • Silhouette: Attractive, long limbs • Internal Structure: Lots of mobility, ample motions • Facial Expressions: Varied, multiple, distinct • Body Poses: Wide range, unique, sculptural • Timing: Alive, rhythmic, gracious

  19. Example 3 – Paranoid Guy

  20. Paranoid Guy • Outer Shape: Simple but varied • Silhouette: Friendly, cartoony • Internal Structure: Very mobile, almost robbery • Facial Expressions: Limited to eyes, effective • Body Poses: Expressive but small repertoire • Timing: Quick, ahead of the beat

  21. Emotions • Charles Darwin • Universality of emotions • “Expression of the Emotions in Men and Animals”, 1872 • Paul Ekman and W.V. Friesen • Analysis of facial expressions in different cultures • Facial Action Coding System (FACS), 1978

  22. FACS – Sample Action Units

  23. Universal Emotions • Sadness and agony • Anger • Surprise • Fear • Disgust • Contempt • Happiness

  24. Facial Expressionssee: Paul Ekman, Emotions Revealed, 2003

  25. Basic Facial Expressions

  26. Basic Facial Expressions

  27. Facial Expressions • Built-in ways of effective communication • Smiles give pleasure • Quick raise of eyebrow for greeting • Eye contact • Blush ! • More personal than speech • Most animals use body language • Man needed expressions, still does.

  28. Expressive People • We still use expressions frequently. • Some people are more expressive • More expressive people may be happier

  29. Flexible Face • Muscles on our face enable us to make up to 7000 distinct expressions. • Cold-blooded animals are covered with thick rigid skin. • Evolution made mouth/jaw smaller • Naked hairless face is better for expressions • eyebrows

  30. T Pattern

  31. T Pattern • Quest for food - survival • Three senses close to each other • Mouth dominates everything • Eye above falling food and shadow • Eyebrow to protect and block the sweat ? • Frontal eye -> 3D, side eyes for preys • Flat face, rising forehead, nose, and chin appeared gradually.

  32. References • FACE, Brian Bates • IN THE EYE OF THE BEHOLDER, Bruce & Young • ATLAS OF FACIAL EXPRESSION, Stephen Rogers Peck • COMPUTER FACIAL ANIMATION, Parke & Waters • THE FACE, Daniel McNeill • EMOTIONS REVEALED, Paul Ekman

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