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Tutorial 8

Tutorial 8. Wireless Networking and Security. Objectives. Explore the history of wireless communication Learn about Wi-Fi, MiFi, and wireless mesh networks Investigate technologies used in personal area networks Learn about wireless wide area networks and WiMAX

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Tutorial 8

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  1. Tutorial 8 Wireless Networking and Security

  2. Objectives • Explore the history of wireless communication • Learn about Wi-Fi, MiFi, and wireless mesh networks • Investigate technologies used in personal area networks • Learn about wireless wide area networks and WiMAX • Investigate wireless devices and wireless business plans that let you access the Internet New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  3. Objectives • Investigate security concerns of wireless networks • Evaluate different wireless encryption methods • Investigate security concerns of wireless devices • Learn how to protect the data stored on a wireless device • Learn about the different types of attacks on wireless devices • Learn about the different types of attacks on Bluetooth devices New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  4. The Evolution of Wireless Networks • A wireless connection occurs when data is transferred to another location without the use of any wires • In 1994, carriers created digital networks, or Personal Communication Service (PCS), where data was carried in bits at a rate of up to 14.4 Kbps • In 1999, the first wireless connections were made to the Internet • A personal digital assistant (PDA) is a handheld computer that can send and receive wireless telephone and fax calls, act as a personal organizer, perform calculations, store notes, and display Web pages New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  5. The Evolution of Wireless Networks • 2G wireless or second-generation wireless allows data transfer • Short Message Service (SMS) is a widely-used service that lets users send text messages of up to 160 characters over a 2G wireless network to a wireless phone • 3G or third-generation wireless networks offer data transfer rates of up to 2 Mbps and constant connections • The availability of nationwide 3G service depends on the ability of the carriers to build the networks and establish partnerships with the manufacturers of the devices and hardware New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  6. The Evolution of Wireless Networks • Many carriers have transformed and upgraded their existing networks by creating 2.5G wireless networks that deliver faster transfer speeds and allow you to send files and access the Internet • A wireless device is usually manufactured to work on only a single type of network • 3.5G wireless networks or mobile broadband provide network connections of up to 10 Mbps • 3.5 G wireless networks already exist in a handful of countries New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  7. The Evolution of Wireless Networks • 4G technology is expected to bring network connection speeds of up to 100 Mbps and deliver high-quality audio and video to wireless devices • Cellular was the first industry to create wireless connections that served large geographical areas New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  8. Wireless Local Area Networking • A wireless local area network (WLAN) is a network in which devices use high-frequency radio waves instead of wires to communicate with a base station, which is connected to the Internet • Wi-Fi or wireless fidelity is the trademarked name of the Wi-Fi Alliance that specifies the interface between a wireless client and a base station, or between two wireless clients to create a hotspot • A hotspot is an area of network coverage New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  9. Wireless Local Area Networking New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  10. Wireless Local Area Networking • The transfer rate of data is the speed at which data is transmitted from an access point to a wireless device • An access point is a hardware device with one or more antennae that permits communication between wired and wireless networks so wireless clients can send and receive data • The range is the physical distance between the access point and the wireless device • A device called a dual band access point makes it possible to connect devices configured with two different Wi-Fi standards to the same access point New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  11. Wireless Local Area Networking • A multiple band access point makes it possible to connect any wireless device to the same access point • Most new notebook computers and other wireless devices are manufactured with Wi-Fi compatible hardware installed in them and software that locates Wi-Fi signal and automatically initiates the connection to the wireless network • MiFi is a small wireless device a user keeps in a pocket or briefcase that provides a battery-operated, mobile, personal hotspot for connecting Wi-Fi devices to the Internet New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  12. Wireless Mesh Networks • Another type of wireless local area network is a wireless mesh network, which is commonly used to extend the reach of Wi-Fi hotspots to an enterprise New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  13. Personal Area Networking • Personal area networking (PAN) refers to the wireless network that you use to connect personal devices to each other • There are two major types of PANs: • Using infrared technology you can wirelessly beam information from one device to another using infrared light • Bluetooth provides short-range radio links between electronic devices New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  14. Personal Area Networking New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  15. Personal Area Networking • A piconet can connect two to eight devices at a time New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  16. Wireless Wide Area Networking • Wireless wide area networking (WWAN) makes it possible to access the Internet from anywhere within the boundaries of the WWAN • A WWAN is a wireless network that provides network coverage to a large geographical area • To access the Internet using a WWAN, you need a WWAN PC card for the device you want to use and an account with the cellular carrier that owns the network New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  17. Metropolitan Area Networking: WiMAX • WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) uses the 802.16 standards defined by the IEEE for metropolitan area networks • WiMAX is similar to Wi-Fi because it uses radio waves, but it transmits at a different radio spectrum and provides a much greater range to create a metropolitan area network New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  18. Metropolitan Area Networking: WiMAX • A metropolitan area network (MAN) provides wireless broadband Internet access via radio signals in the 2 to 100 GHz and 10 to 66 radio spectrum, with a range of up to 31 miles and speeds of up to 70 Mbps New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  19. Metropolitan Area Networking: WiMAX New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  20. Using Wireless Devices to Access the Internet • The best way to begin a search for wireless solutions is to begin with an exploration of the network you’ll use • Most carriers offer specific products to work on their networks New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  21. Security Concerns for Wireless Networks • Threats common to all wireless networks: • Attacks that prevent the use of a device or decrease the network’s bandwidth • Intercepting information sent over a wireless network • Hacking into a wireless device to gain entry to its data or functions • Stealing the identity of an access point to gain access to its connected users’ devices • Viruses, spyware, and other security threats sent in the form of files • Using information entered by the user into a wireless device to steal logins and other sensitive information New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  22. Wireless Encryption Methods • Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is a security protocol for wireless LANs that works by encrypting data sent over the network • When WEP is enabled, it encrypts the data sent over the network with a key, or passphrase, that is entered by the user New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  23. Wireless Encryption Methods • Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a standard that was developed by the Wi-Fi Alliance in 2003 to address some of the inherent weaknesses in WEP • WPA provides better encryption than WEP New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  24. MAC Address Filtering • Each manufacturer of network interface cards adds a unique number, called a Media Access Control address (MAC address) to identify the device • A wireless network can be protected by designating the devices allowed to connect to the network New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  25. Disabling the SSID Broadcast • When a wireless router or access point sends out its signal, it also broadcasts its service set identifier (SSID) as a way of identifying the network’s name • The SSID makes it possible for roaming devices to discover the network and enables you to log in to the correct network • Wardriving is a malicious activity that involves driving through a neighborhood with a wireless-enabled notebook computer with the goal of locating homes and businesses that have wireless networks in order to gain access to them New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  26. Changing the Default Login • One of the most serious mistakes that home users make when installing a wireless network is the failure to change the default login for a device • When you install a wireless network, make it a priority to change the default login and password New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  27. Changing the Default Login New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  28. Security Concerns for Wireless Devices • The most basic security concern for the owner of a wireless device is theft or loss New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  29. Protecting the Data on a Wireless Device • Wireless devices are subject to over-the-shoulder attacks, in which an unauthorized person uses his or her physical proximity to your device to attempt to get your login information, passwords, or other sensitive data while you’re working • When working in a business facility, opt for a wired Ethernet connection whenever possible • Setting a password on your device is another way to protect it New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  30. Evil Twin Attacks • An evil twin attack or café latte attack is when a hacker gathers information about an access point and then uses that information to set up his own computer to use the real access point’s signal to impersonate the access point • When you use a free public hotspot, the data you send is not usually encrypted or secure and so it is subject to hackers using sniffer programs to illegally monitor activity on the wireless network in order to obtain personal information that you might transmit New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  31. Security Concerns for Bluetooth Devices • In Bluejacking the bluejacker sends an anonymous message in the form of a phone contact displayed as a text message to a Bluetooth device to surprise the owner, express an opinion, or make a social connection • Bluejacking, although alarming, is mostly harmless • To protect a Bluetooth device from a bluejacking attack, you can disable the device’s Bluetooth feature so that its signal is invisible or undiscoverable • Bluesnarfing occurs when a hacker with special software is able to detect the signal from a Bluetooth device and gain access to its data without the owner’s knowledge New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  32. Security Concerns for Bluetooth Devices • The worst security threat to Bluetooth devices is bluebugging, which occurs when a hacker gains access to the device and its functions without the owner’s consent • Bluebugging allows the hacker to use the device to make phone calls, access data, and use the Internet • Most manufactures have released patches to fix the security flaw that makes bluebugging possible New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  33. Summary • Wireless communication is rapidly changing • WiFi, MiFi, and wireless networks • Technologies used in personal area networks • Wireless wide area networks and WiMAX • Wireless devices and wireless business plans New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

  34. Summary • Security concerns of wireless networks • Different wireless encryption methods • Security concerns of wireless devices • Protecting data stored on a wireless device • Types of attacks on wireless devices • Types of attacks on Bluetooth devices New Perspectives on the Internet, 8th Edition

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