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Medieval Cathedrals

Medieval Cathedrals. Romanesque. Use of the barrel vault which allowed for a taller church Few windows Begin to use stained glass Always cruciform in shape; with transept about ¾ of way down the nave Addition of side aisles to facilitate traffic Stone roofs replace earlier wooden roofs

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Medieval Cathedrals

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  1. Medieval Cathedrals

  2. Romanesque

  3. Use of the barrel vault which allowed for a taller church • Few windows • Begin to use stained glass • Always cruciform in shape; with transept about ¾ of way down the nave • Addition of side aisles to facilitate traffic • Stone roofs replace earlier wooden roofs • Increasing importance of entrance at the west end • Use of towers at west end or above transepts; sometimes domes above transept (popular in Italy)

  4. Ely Cathedral, England

  5. Pisa, Italy

  6. Pisa with the Leaning Tower

  7. Barrel Vault – San Miniato, Italy

  8. Ely, the Nave

  9. Gothic

  10. The Pointed Arch Allows for a taller, but narrow, building Lyon, France

  11. Chartres, France

  12. Chartres

  13. Chartres – cruciform in shape

  14. Notre Dame, Paris

  15. Westminster Abbey, London

  16. Sainte Chapelle, Paris

  17. Perpendicular Gothic • Not as tall • Longer • Transept often crosses at middle of church • Frequently has a tower where transept and nave cross • Popular in England

  18. York Minster

  19. York Minster

  20. Salisbury Cathedral, England

  21. Gloucester, England

  22. Fan Vaulting at Bath Abbey, England

  23. Flying Buttresses Flying buttresses were external supports which took some of the weight off of the walls and allowed for a taller building

  24. Notre Dame

  25. Chartres

  26. Chartres

  27. The nave is the main area of the church where the congregation gathers for Mass Notre Dame, Paris

  28. York Minster, England

  29. The Choir In cathedrals which had a monastery, the choir was where the monks or nuns sat to celebrate the Liturgy of the Hours

  30. Westminster Abbey

  31. Canterbury

  32. The Sanctuary • The area of the church where the liturgy takes place. • Includes the main altar, the lectern, and the Presider's chair

  33. Notre Dame

  34. Westminster Abbey – the Main Altar with the reredos

  35. Reredos A screen behind the altar that makes the altar the focal point of the church

  36. The Rood Screen • Also called the iconostasis • A screen that divides the nave from the sanctuary • Medieval Catholics believed the Mass was a holy mystery – something we were not worthy to view or to take part in

  37. York Minister

  38. Segovia

  39. St. Mary’s, Barking, England

  40. Portal • From Latin for “door” • The main door of most Medieval churches was the West Portal • Frequently a painting or carving the Last Judgment was above the door

  41. Notre Dame, West Portal

  42. Stained glass first appeared in church windows around 600 AD Common by 800 Medieval churches wanted lots of glass to let light in – light represented the presence of God (Jesus as “Light of the World”) Stained glass pictures were considered to the “poor man’s Bible” – telling Biblical stories or the lives of the saints Stained Glass

  43. Rose Window - Chartres

  44. Chartres

  45. Notre Dame

  46. Sainte-Chapelle

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