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Protein synthesis

Protein synthesis. Unusual bases in tRNA. “Wobble” hypothesis. Functional domains of a ribosome. Charging of tRNA/Aminoacylation. Translation - 4 main steps Charging of tRNA Initiation Elongation (3 steps) Termination. Initiation in Prokaryotes. Elongation in Prokaryotes.

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Protein synthesis

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  1. Protein synthesis

  2. Unusual bases in tRNA

  3. “Wobble” hypothesis

  4. Functional domains of a ribosome

  5. Charging of tRNA/Aminoacylation

  6. Translation - 4 main steps Charging of tRNA Initiation Elongation (3 steps) Termination

  7. Initiation in Prokaryotes

  8. Elongation in Prokaryotes

  9. Elongation in Prokaryotes

  10. Termination in Prokaryotes

  11. Proofreading on the ribosome The GTPase activity of EF-Tu . Polyribosomes(or polysomes)

  12. Initiation of translation in eukaryotes First step

  13. 2nd step

  14. 3rd step

  15. POST TRANSLATIONAL CHANGES Dealing with N terminal residue Modification of individual amino acids Acetylation Phosphorylation

  16. Proteins have variable life-spans

  17. Life-span factors • Natural stability ("genetically encoded") • an inherent biophysical characteristic • Change in environment • temperature • pH • Active degradation • specific mechanism • location • partners

  18. Terminology • Half-life - • Turnover - • Stability - • Denaturation - • Degradation -

  19. Ubiquitin mediates degradation for many but not all proteins

  20. Sticky ends

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