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Financial Planning. Financial Planning Models Begin With Sales, but Where do Sales Come From?. Economy. Industry. Product. Sales. Changes in Sales Necessitate Changes in Assets and in Liabilities and Owners’ Equity. Sales. Assets. Liabilities. Owners’ Equity.
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Financial Planning Models Begin With Sales, butWhere do Sales Come From? Economy Industry Product Sales
Changes in Sales Necessitate Changes in Assets and in Liabilities and Owners’ Equity Sales Assets Liabilities Owners’ Equity
External Funds Needed (Simplified) Where, CA = Current Assets FA = Fixed Assets SL = Spontaneous Liabilities S = Original Sales g = growth rate in sales = net profit margin d = dividend payout ratio
External Funds Needed (Simplified)With Numbers • CA*g = $11,350*.15 = $1,702.50 • FA*g = $20,000*.15 = $3,000.00 • SL*g = $ 5,000*.15 = $ 750.00 • S*(1+g)**(1-d) = $16,000*(1.15)*.289*.675 = $3,589.38 • EFN = 1,702 + 3,000 - 750 - 3589 = 363 365
External Funds and Growth Suppose EFN = 0, what is the growth rate? Implies that = .0995/[1-.1595-.0995] = .1343 = 13.43% Suppose no external funding of any kind is used. What is the growth rate? Suppose no external equity is used, but enough debt is used to maintain the same total debt-to-total asset ratio. What growth can be sustained?