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Exploring Network Archetypes

Exploring Network Archetypes. COS Journal Club July 14, 2005 Jonathan Pinto. Structure. Presentation What are Networks Archetypes Types of Archetypes Related words Network Archetypes Archetypes vs Motifs Discussion Is it useful/appropriate to identify Network Archetypes?

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Exploring Network Archetypes

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  1. Exploring Network Archetypes COS Journal Club July 14, 2005 Jonathan Pinto

  2. Structure Presentation • What are • Networks • Archetypes • Types of Archetypes • Related words • Network Archetypes • Archetypes vs Motifs Discussion • Is it useful/appropriate to identify Network Archetypes? • If Yes, then how should we identify Network Archetypes?

  3. What are Networks? • Set of nodes and one or more sets of ties White et al, 2004, Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory, 10: 95-117

  4. What are Archetypes? … 1/2 • An original model after which other similar things are patterned • In the psychology of Carl Jung, archetypes are the images, patterns, and symbols that rise out of the collective unconscious and appear in dreams, mythology, and fairy tales • Definitions • An original model or type after which other similar things are patterned; a prototype: “‘Frankenstein’ . . . ‘Dracula’ . . . ‘Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde’ . . . the archetypes that have influenced all subsequent horror stories” (New York Times). • An ideal example of a type; quintessence: an archetype of the successful entrepreneur.

  5. What are Archetypes? … 2/2 • Archetypes resemble the beds of rivers: dried up because the water has deserted them, though it may return at any time. An archetype is something like an old watercourse along which the water of life flowed for a time, digging a deep channel for itself. The longer it flowed the deeper the channel, and the more likely it is that sooner or later the water will return – Carl Jung

  6. Archetypes – Related Words • Templates • Configurations • Prototypes • Quintessence • Topologies • Motifs

  7. Types of Archetypes … 1/4 • Archetypes of Imagination • Deepest psychic structures of imagination are the archetypes, the ‘hormones of the imagination’ • Air • Water • Earth • Fire • Led to a method of classifying poets according to their favorite substances Kaplan, E.K., 1972, Philosophy and Phenomological Research, 33(1): 1-24

  8. Types of Archetypes …2/4 • Archetypes of Music • Analysis and Cognition of Basic Melodic Structures (ACBMS) • Narmour seeks to ground the ACBMS model in subconscious activities and functions of human cognition • Melodic archetypes – process, duplication, reversal • Wanderer archetypes in Schubert’s Music • Dichotomy of inner experience (dreams, aspirations) and harsh external reality expressed through a combination of thematic and modal contrast • Treatment of wanderer archetype admits a wide range of psychological nuance Zbikowski, L., 1993, Journal of Music Theory, 37(1): 177-206 Kinderman, W., 1997, 19th-Century Music, 21(2): 208-222

  9. Types of Archetypes …3/4 • Symmetry in Science and Art (A.V. Shubinov & V.A. Kopstik) • “Whenever you have to do with a structure-endowed entity… try to determine is group of automorphisms, the group of those element-wise transformations which leave all structural relations undisturbed.” (Weyl, Symmetry, 1952) Nowacki, W., 1975, Science, 188(4190): 843-844

  10. What are Network Archetypes? • Criteria for Archetypes • Fundamental • More than one • Invisible • Collective Unconscious • Different language (e.g. symbols, myths, elements)

  11. What are not Network Archetypes? … 1/4 • Structural Patterns • Graph Theoretic • Stars • Lattices • Kites • Pentangles • Organization Theoretic • Core-Periphery • Structural Holes • Network Topologies • Freeway • Classroom

  12. What are not Network Archetypes? … 2/4 • Complex Network Models • Scale-Free (A) • Modular (B) • Hierarchical (C) Ravasz, E., et al, 2002, Science, 297: 1551-1555

  13. What are not Network Archetypes? … 3/4 • Network Motifs X X X Y X Y Z Y Z W Z Y W Z 3 4 1 2 Milo, R., et al, 2002, Science, 298: 824-827

  14. What are not Network Archetypes? … 4/4 • Schematics Casciaro, T. & Sousa Lobo, M. 2005, HBR, June: 92-99 Holland, C.P. & Lockett, A.G. Org Science, 8(5):475-488

  15. What are Network Archetypes? • Criteria for Archetypes • Fundamental • More than one • Invisible • Collective Unconscious • Different language (e.g. symbols, myths, elements)

  16. Is it useful/appropriate to identify Network Archetypes? Arguments for • Part of ‘search for invariance’ • Ultimate ‘grand reductionist’ approach • Bounded – alternative to understanding complexity • Potential for a new perspective Arguments against • Testability difficult if not impossible • Actionability? • Explanatory power?

  17. How should we identify Network Archetypes? • Do we focus on • Nodes? • Links? • Both? • Neither? i.e. Greater Abstraction? • What language is appropriate? • Myths? • Symbols? • Elements? • Should we leverage off existing archetypal language or invent our own?

  18. And even if we did identify“the hormones of the social network”, would anyone care, let alone publish?

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