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How did Hitler become Chancellor in 1933?

How did Hitler become Chancellor in 1933?. L/O: To explain why the Nazis had little support in 1928 To explain how the depression affected Germany To link this to how Hitler came to power. Nazi policies and beliefs 1919-29. Who would have voted for the Nazi’s

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How did Hitler become Chancellor in 1933?

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  1. How did Hitler become Chancellor in 1933? L/O: To explain why the Nazis had little support in 1928 To explain how the depression affected Germany To link this to how Hitler came to power

  2. Nazi policies and beliefs 1919-29 Who would have voted for the Nazi’s Task: Go through the 25 point plan and answer the questions provided. 1.  Hitler’sspeechesgavepeoplescapegoats to blameforGermany’sproblems: •      TheAllies. •      TheVersaillesTreaty and the ‘NovemberCriminals’ (thepoliticianswhosignedit). •      TheCommunists, and: •      TheJews. 2.  Twenty-five Point Programme In 1920, thepartyrenameditselftheNationalSocialist German Workers’ Party (Nazis), and announceditsTwenty-Five Point Programme.       At first, the Nazis werebothnationalist (theybelieved in Germany’sgreatness) and socialist (theybelievedthestateshouldbenefiteverybodyequally).   3.  MeinKampf Afterthefailure of theMunichPutsch in 1923, Hitler wassent to Landsbergjail.   There he wroteMeinKampf (MyStruggle) advocating: •      NationalSocialism – loyalty to Germany, racial purity, equality and state control of theeconomy. •      Racism – thetriumph of theAryanracebyarmedforce, becauseallraces, especiallytheJews, were inferior to theAryan (pure German) ‘Master Race’. •      Lebensraum – to expandintoPoland and Russia to get ‘Living Space’. •    StrongGovernment – complete obedience to theFührer. 4.  Organisation At first, therewere a number of peopleinvolved in runningtheparty, but Hitler soonbecamethesoleboss, and he built up theorganisation so that he wasunquestioned leader.

  3. Nazi policies and beliefs 1919-29 After the failure of the Munich Putsch, Hitler decided that he would have to get power by being elected, rather than by rebellion. However, he was banned from speaking until 1928. Re-organising the Party  In this period, however, Hitler set about reorganising the Party.   He put in place many of the things which helped it take power after 1928: •      He reduced the number of Stormtroopers (SA) and set up the SS, a personal bodyguard fanatically loyal to himself. •      He set up a network of local parties.   He merged with other right-wing parties, then took them over. •      He set up the Hitler Youth, which attracted young people to the party. •      He put Josef Goebbels in charge ofpropaganda. Goebbels and Hitler believed that the best way to get the support of the masses was by appealing to their feelings rather than by argument.   They waged a propaganda campaign using posters, leaflets, radio and film, and organised rallies. •      He cultivated the support of wealthy businessmen promising them that, if he came to power, he would destroy Communism and the Trade Unions.   This gave him the finance to run his campaigns.

  4. 1928 – 1933 – what changed? Source F Support for the Nazi Party had grown due to the country's problems of hyperinflation and the French invasion of the Ruhr.   By 1928 Nazism appeared to be a dying cause.   Now that Germany's outlook was suddenly bright, the Nazi Party was rapidly withering away.   One scarcely heard of Hitler or the Nazis except as a joke. William Shirer, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich (1959) William Shirer was an American journalist who lived in Germany from 1926 to 1941. Number of Unemployed 1928     2 million 1929     2.5 million 1930     3 million 1931     5 million 1932     6 million

  5. Cliphttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXhLHZC2_-4 • What do you think the phrase “When America sneezes the rest of the world catches a cold” means? • What is Wall Street? • When the market fell what did Wall Street feel? D_______________ • How many American companies closed in a short time? • Why did the Wall Street Crash impact on other countries… in particular Germany? • What happened to German industry? • How many people were unemployed in Germany in 1932?

  6. 1928 – 1933 – what changed? Wall Street Crash – 1929 In 1929 the American stock market crashed in Wall Street and this resulted in a world wide economic depression (like the one we have just seen!) How was Germany affected by this? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bPq33t6CT4U This poster of 1932 says: ‘Hitler – our last hope http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rXkSCZdq0Sg

  7. Economic Effects of the Wall Street Crash • America recalled all of it’s loans from Germany (lent under the Dawes Plan in 1924) • German businesses could not survive and closed • Germany could not sell as many exports as other countries were in depression and did not want to buy and more businesses closed • Unemployment rose from 2 million in 1929 to 6 million in 1932 and 4/10 Germans were unemployed • People were filled with hopelessness and despair as many lost their homes

  8. Task: Why did people support the Nazi’s? Gordon Craig: Fear! Goebbels: Belief in Nazi ideas! Task: Go through the sources / text with two different colours e.g. BLUE – Craig RED – Goebbels 2) Cut out the sources and write examples for evidence for each of these views! 3) You decide – MARK OUT OF TEN! Very few people fully supported the Nazis The main reason was the effects of the depression The blame was with the Weimar politicians Explain your views!

  9. How did the depression help Hitler? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=msD11enFwi8&index=6&list=PLvsS9mRi0sXZUV5-cpbExkKJDMEEFUmyn

  10. Political Effects of the Wall Street Crash • Extremist parties like the Nazis and the Communists grew in popularity as they promised jobs. • The Middle classes feared the Communists who were gaining in popularity and voted for the Nazis who said they would crush them • The Weimar Government failed to deal with the crisis effectively and lost the public’s support • President Hindenburg had to use Article 48 as the Chancellor at the time (Bruning) did not have a majority in the Reichstag. • Bruning was blamed for the crisis and was nicknamed the “hunger Chancellor” as he refused to spend money to help • Bruning had to resign in May 1932 and during his time as Chancellor the Nazi Party had had many successes e.g. in the 1930 election they won 107 seats and were the second biggest party in the Reichstag

  11. How did Hitler become Chancellor in 1933? Complete: Cue cards / notes / diagrams / posters to explain all the things that helped Hitler come to power! L I M P P A P E R Long-term bitterness Ineffective Constitution Money Propaganda Programme Attacks on other parties Personal Qualities Economic Depression Recruited by Hindenburg

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