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Electrical Engineering

Electrical Engineering. Electrical Engineering. Covers two main areas: - Electricity - Electronics All appliances and electrical devices depend on electrical circuits. Electrical component are made with a particular type of material: Semiconductor (silicon) Conductors (metals & alloys).

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Electrical Engineering

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  1. Electrical Engineering

  2. Electrical Engineering Covers two main areas: - Electricity - Electronics All appliances and electrical devices depend on electrical circuits

  3. Electrical component are made with a particular type of material: • Semiconductor (silicon) • Conductors (metals & alloys)

  4. Symbols for circuit components

  5. Direct current & Alternating current Direct current (DC): is an electric current in which the electrons are continuously moving in the same direction. Alternating current (AC): is an electrical current in which the electrons move back and forth in a regular pattern

  6. Electrical Function Is the role that a component plays in the control or transformation of electric current. Power supply: is the electrical function preformed by any component that can generate or provide an electric current in a circuit

  7. Types of power supplies • Battery: Transforms chemical energy into electrical energy • Advantages: portable, many appliances run on batteries • Disadvantages: batteries must be replaced, contaminate the environment around the landfill by leaking heavy metals

  8. Electrical outlet: contains contacts and is permanently connected to an electrical network • Advantages: stable and long lasting power supply • Disadvantages: hydroelectric dams cause flooding of vast areas of land. Appliances cannot be moved far from the wall outlet

  9. Photovoltaic cell: (solar cell) electronic device that generates an electrical current when exposed to light. • Advantages: portable, do not produce green house gases, have a lifespan of 20 to 30 years. • Disadvantages: Depends on sunny conditions. Much more expensive to install than other sources of power.

  10. Conduction, insulation & protection • Conduction: • When a component can transmit electric current from one part of a circuit to another • Examples of conductors: copper, gold, etc...

  11. Insulation : • When a component prevents an electric current from flowing. • Examples of insulators: ceramic, rubber, plastic

  12. Protection: Cut current flow in the even of a power surge • Fuses • A filament melts/breaks if current exceeds a certain level • Breakers • A strip becomes hot and bends if current exceeds a certain level. A switch is thrown to restore circuit operation

  13. Open/closed circuit • Closed circuit: electric current lows in a loop • Open circuit: electric current cannot flow in a loop

  14. In class work P. 479 #1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14

  15. Transformation of energy The transformation of energy is the electrical function performed by any component that can convert electrical energy into another form of energy

  16. Forms of energy Chemical Thermal Mechanical Radiation

  17. Examples of electrical components used to transform electrical energy Incandescent light bulbs (luminous energy) Heating elements (thermal energy) Piezoelectric crystals (mechanical energy) Electromagnets (magnetic energy)

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