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Biology 1 Nov.

Biology 1 Nov. Please start a NEW PAGE for your warm-up & answer using FULL sentences. Did you study for yesterdayexam ? * If YES – HOW did you study? * If NO – WHY didn’t you study? List additional 3 ways you COULD HAVE studied. Exam corrections – Half credit

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Biology 1 Nov.

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  1. Biology 1 Nov. Please start a NEW PAGE for your warm-up & answer using FULL sentences. • Did you study for yesterdayexam? * If YES – HOW did you study? * If NO – WHY didn’t you study? • List additional 3 ways you COULD HAVE studied. • Exam corrections – Half credit • Grade less than 75% … be here or expect a phone call home! • Thursday 11/3: • Homeroom, Lunch or After School (be here by 2:45) • Friday 11/4: Lunch or After School • Before school (I’m here by 7AM)

  2. Inquiry • Core Content: Conducting Analyses and Thinking Logically • Apply the scientific inquiry process to investigate the natural world. • Generate and evaluate questions, scientific investigation, natural world, analyze data, conclusions • Understand and apply communication, collaboration, and scientific honesty to the advancement of science.  • Hypotheses, evidence, theory, testable predictions, reliability, communication, validity, intellectual honesty

  3. 1-3 November, 2011 • Readthe article. “Strange But True: Drinking Too Much Water Can Kill” • Answer questions about the article in the back of your lab book (warmup section). • Too Much Water http://www.webmd.com/video/benefits-of-water

  4. Cell membranes are made of molecules called PHOSPHOLIPIDS • Lipid = FATS/OILS • How do oils respond to water? • Not attracted to water • HYDROPHOBIC • Water-fearing • Phosphate “heads” • Attracted to water • HYDROPHILIC • Water-liking

  5. Cell membranes are a “Bilayer” • Two layers of phospholipids • Inside: hydrophobic tail • Outside: hydrophilic heads Think: Doublestuff OREO cookie. The PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER is the basic structure of cell membranes. • Animation: http://www.yellowtang.org/animations/bilayer.swf

  6. What’s all that “stuff” in the membrane? Membrane Permeability: http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/tdc02_int_membraneweb/

  7. Cell Membranes • Membranes are not “frozen” structures, like a brick wall. • They are fluid! • Fluid = Able to move. • Animation: http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/lipids/membrane%20fluidity.swf

  8. Cell Membranes • Membrane-spanning proteins + Fluidity enables molecules to get into and out of cells. • Membrane Permeability: http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/tdc02_int_membraneweb/ • Faciltated Diffusion: • http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_facilitated_diffusion_works.html

  9. Cellular TransportCh. 7-3 Adapted from Brookings.com http://www.brookings.k12.sd.us/biology/transport.htm http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_main.html

  10. Teacher’s Domain • http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/tdc02_int_membraneweb/

  11. Kidspiration by: Riedell

  12. See a video clip about DIFFUSION-7A

  13. Diffusion http://lhs.lps.org/staff/sputnam/Biology/U3Cell/diffusion_1.png

  14. Animatioin from: http://www.biologycorner.com/resources/diffusion-animated.gif Molecules move _______“where there’s _______” ____“where there’s _______” FROM A LOT to NOT

  15. DIFFUSION across a space DIFFERENCE Happens anytime there is a __________ in concentration in one place compared to another = ________________________ Concentration gradient

  16. DIFFUSION across a SPACE DOWN from Higher to Lower Molecules move automatically _______ the concentration gradient _______ an area of _______ concentration ____ an area of ________ concentration • EXAMPLES Blue dye in beaker demo, Someone making popcorn/grilling out Strong perfume, Bad smell in room http://leighhouse.typepad.com/blog/images/kool_aid.jpg http://www.swapmeetdave.com/Humor/Farts.htm

  17. DIFFUSION across a space equal everywhere Diffusion continues until the concentration is ________________ in space = ________________________ Equilibrium http://lhs.lps.org/staff/sputnam/Biology/U3Cell/diffusion_1.png

  18. Molecules need to move across membranes in cells Image modiified from: http://www.accessexcellence.org/AB/GG/importProt.html

  19. across Diffusion can happen ________ a _____________ in a cell, too membrane …as long as membrane will let the molecule _________________ pass through

  20. VOCAB _____________ = substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution _____________ = substance in which a solute is dissolved SOLUTE SOLVENT http://www.makash.ac.il/h_school/hst/hstsb/chem/luach/dissolve.jpg

  21. Images by Riedell CONCENTRATION __________________ = mass of a solute in a given volume of solution A B MORE The _______ molecules there are in a given volume the ____________the concentration GREATER

  22. Use new vocab to make Koolaid Koolaid powder sugar Solutes = ______________& __________ Solvent = ____________ Koolaid drink = ______________ Water solution http://www.makash.ac.il/h_school/hst/hstsb/chem/luach/dissolve.jpg

  23. What if there is a difference in concentration but solute molecules can’t move across a membrane? WATER will move until concentration reaches equilibrium

  24. Video of Osmosis • How Osmosis Works- Prentice Hall

  25. For example…what do you think will happen? What will move? What will stay? ?

  26. Result:

  27. Why?

  28. Animation: http://www.ouhscphysio.org/humanphys/animations/osmosis1.swf See an animationOsmosis1 Animation http://faculty.etsu.edu/currie/images/osmosis1.jpg

  29. Solute concentration Greater outside than inside Lower outside than inside Equal outside and inside HYPERTONIC HYPOTONIC ISOTONIC What will happen to an animal cell placed in different solutions?

  30. Remember: Cells try to “maintain stable internal conditions = ____________________ HOMEOSTASIS http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/biol121/Osmosis/Osmosis.asp So an animal cell in ISOTONIC conditions stays same size Water entering = water leaving Video Choose Blood Isotonic link

  31. If cells can’t maintain “stable internal conditions” . . . damage can result and cells can die. http://www.the-aps.org/education/lot/cell/Quiz.htm

  32. Animation from: http://www.ouhscphysio.org/humanphys/animations/osmosis3.swf OSMOSIS See an animationOsmosis3 HYPOTONIC:Concentration outside cell is ________________ inside the cellMore water enters than leaves cell so cellwill ___________________ Choose Blood Hypotonic link Video LESS THAN swell and possibly burst

  33. Animation from: http://www.ouhscphysio.org/humanphys/animations/osmosis4.swf OSMOSIS See an animation OSMOSIS 4 HYPERTONIC: Concentration outside cell is ____________________ inside cell More water leaves cell than enters so cell ____________ GREATER THAN shrinks Choose Blood Hypertonic link Video

  34. http://www.stchs.org/science/courses/sbioa/metenergy/bloodcells.gifhttp://www.stchs.org/science/courses/sbioa/metenergy/bloodcells.gif Animal cells _________ __________ = CYTOLYSIS = CRENATION

  35. http://www.stchs.org/science/courses/sbioa/metenergy/aplantturgor.gifhttp://www.stchs.org/science/courses/sbioa/metenergy/aplantturgor.gif Plant cells _____ keeps ___________ plant cells from bursting = PLASMOLYSIS CELL WALL

  36. VACUOLES store WATER http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_vacuole.html OSMOTIC PRESSURE _____________________________ = Pressure exerted by the movement of water during osmosis

  37. SO WHAT? Bath water is ________________ compared to you Sitting in the bathtub causes your fingers and toes to wrinkle up when water ________ your skin cells by osmosis hypotonic enters

  38. Grocery stores spray water on their veggies to “plump them up” http://www.painetworks.com/photos/gt/gt0461.JPG

  39. SO WHAT?

  40. CELL EXAMPLE: DIFFUSION automatically moves oxygen from HIGHER concentration (in lungs) to a LOWER concentration (in blood) CO2 automatically movesfrom where there is a HIGHER concentration (in blood) to where there is a lower concentration (in lungs) http://www.le.ac.uk/pa/teach/va/anatomy/case2/2_2.html

  41. PROBLEM for CELLS? Diffusion only moves molecules from high concentration to low concentration.

  42. What if cell needs to move a molecule _________ the CONCENTRATION GRADIENT?_______________ AGAINST Cell example: Want to put MORE glucose into mitochondria when there is already glucose in there (LOWER HIGHER) Image from: http://www.biologyclass.net/mitochondria.jpg

  43. Video from: http://www.southtexascollege.edu/tdehne/BC_ShockwaveAnimations/08SWF-MembraneStructureAndFunct/08-02-MembraneStructure.swf PROBLEM for Cells?Cell membranes areSELECTIVELY PERMEABLE See a movie

  44. What if a cell needs to move _____ or ______ moleculesthat can’t getthrough themembrane? LARGE POLAR http://www.d.umn.edu/~sdowning/Membranes/membraneImages/jpegimages/diffusionmedium.jpg

  45. PROBLEM for CELLS? Diffusion happens very slowly

  46. What if cell needs to move molecules really _______? (can’t wait for it to diffuse) FAST Cell example: Movement of Na + & K+ ions required to send nerve signals http://www.steve.gb.com/images/science/neuron.png

  47. Cells need a ____ to ____ molecules across cell membranes that _______ across by ___________ WAY HELP can’t go themselves

  48. Kidspiration by: Riedell

  49. See a video about Passive transport 7-C

  50. PASSIVE Kinds of ________ Transport • Diffusion __________________________________ ___________________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ • Facilitated Diffusion • Carriers • Channels

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