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The Four Prehistoric Indian Periods

The Four Prehistoric Indian Periods. Archaeologists dig for artifacts that tell us about people of the past. Artifacts are objects that were made, modified, or used by humans of past cultures. They help us. Looking into the Past. Paleo Archaic Archaic. Woodland Mississippian.

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The Four Prehistoric Indian Periods

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  1. The Four Prehistoric IndianPeriods

  2. Archaeologists dig for artifacts that tell us about people of the past. • Artifacts are objects that were made, modified, or used by humans of past cultures. They help us Looking into the Past

  3. Paleo Archaic Archaic Woodland Mississippian

  4. Time: up to 10,000 years ago. • Food Sources: large herds of animals like mammoths and bison, fished, and gathered fruits and nuts • Weapons, Tools, Utensils: tools of stone, and long spears • Shelter: no permanent shelter; they were nomads who lived in semi permanent camps. • Extra: A few Paleo sites in GA  Flint River, Savannah River, Ocmulgee River. Paleo

  5. Time: 8000 B.C. to 1000 B.C. • Food Sources: smaller game animals (deer, bears, turtles, turkey), berries/nuts, horticulture. • Weapons, Tools, Utensils: stone axes, drills, pottery, weighted spears, atlatls. • Shelter: banded together into camps toward the end of the period some resided in small oval pits with coverings and stayed longer • Extra: pottery was a great contribution to Native American culture. Archaic

  6. Time: 1000 B.C. to 1000 A.D. • Food Sources: hunting, fishing, farming (cleared fields and planted crops), gathering nuts/berries. • Weapons, Tools, Utensils: bow and arrow, stronger pottery. • Shelter: dome-shaped huts from trees and bark, began forming tribes and living in villages • Extra: Pottery began having designs on it, burial mounds built for dead can still be found in Georgia. Woodland

  7. Rock Eagle Eatonton, GA believed to be a burial mound Kolomoki Mounds – Blakely, GA 1 Great Temple 2 burial 4 ceremonial

  8. Time: 900 A.D. – 1600 A.D. • Food Sources: grew most food (corn, beans, pumpkins, squash, tobacco) • Weapons, Tools, Utensils: bone hoes, digging sticks. • Shelter: larger villages near water sources (Ocmulgee, Oconee, Chatahoochee, and Savannah Rivers). • Extra: beads, earrings, tattoos, head dresses. Priest-chief was head of village. • 1600s  mysteriously disappeared. Mississippian

  9. Ocmulgee Indian Mounds Macon, GA Etowah Mounds in Cartersville, GA Nacoochee Mound Helen, GA Ocmulgee Indian Mounds Macon, GA

  10. Set up in Chiefdoms with a system of levels • Chief- head of the tribe political and religious figures • Nobles- large homes and special food • Commoners- produce food and crafts as well as act a soldiers and laborers • Some speculate the decline was because of overpopulation while others think it was that the chiefs lost control over the chiefdoms and a final theory is disease Social Structure and Decline

  11. A barter economy is one in which items or services are traded instead of money. • The Cherokee and Creek Indians lived in Georgia during the Mississippian Period. • The Cherokee lived in the mountains of North Georgia. • The Creek lived in Southern and Coastal Georgia. Additional Info.

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