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The Impact and Characteristics of Viruses on Living Organisms

Explore viruses, non-living infectious particles composed of genetic material and proteins, that multiply inside host cells. Viruses are species and tissue specific, smaller than bacteria, and have a simple structure. Learn about lytic life cycle and why viruses are not considered alive.

jamesawarren
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The Impact and Characteristics of Viruses on Living Organisms

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  1. Viruses + Are not alive, but may affect living things + Viruses are infectious particles made of: 1) Genetic material 2) Surrounded by a protein coat which is called a capsid. + Multiply inside a living cell or cells: 1) Replicate by taking over cell of the host organism. + 2) Force the cell to make more viruses!!!

  2. Viruses are species specific: Will only attack certain species. Viruses are tissue specific: Will only attack certain types of tissue!!!

  3. + Viruses are smaller than bacteria, and much smaller than a eukaryotic cell. + Viruses have a very simple structure: copy page 114 in your buckle down book. page 129c in your text Bacteriophage + In order to see a virus you need an electron microscope!!!

  4. + Viruses are not considered to be alive because of the following: 1) They are not able to produce their own proteins to build up their own bodies. 2) They are not able to reproduce sexually or asexually, they not able to reproduce on their own. 3) Viruses invade cells, and force these cells to do the work of reproduction!!!

  5. How does a virus reproduce? Lytic life cycle: virus kills the host cell: There are 5 steps to consider: 1) Attachment: Viruses will attach to the surface of a host cell. 2) Injection: Virus will inject its DNA into the host cell!!!

  6. 3) Production: The host cell copies viral DNA, using the machinery within the host cell, which it would have used for itself. 4) Assembly: Viral DNA forces the infected cell to assemble new viruses from the parts it created. 5) Release: The infected cell bursts open releasing 100 or more new viruses!!!

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