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CHAPTER 2

CHAPTER 2. The Metric System Conversions Measurement Significant Digits Graphing. Measure The Room Lab. Measure the length and width of the room in “shoe” units. Discuss differences. Why doe we use standards? Name US units volume, distance, …etc Name Metric “Base” units.

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CHAPTER 2

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  1. CHAPTER 2 The Metric System Conversions Measurement Significant Digits Graphing

  2. Measure The Room Lab • Measure the length and width of the room in “shoe” units. • Discuss differences. • Why doe we use standards? • Name US units volume, distance, …etc • Name Metric “Base” units. • Name Metric prefixes • Place prefixes in order smallest to largest.

  3. 2.1 The Metric System and SI • Why use the Metric System • Based on powers of 10, convenient to use • The Syste’me Interationale d’Unite’s = • SI = The Metric System • This is the standard system used throughout the world by scientists, engineers, and everyone else everywhere except US.

  4. Metric Prefixes • Name as many metric prefixes as you can • Now place them in order from smallest to largest • Give students correct order

  5. Why don’t we use the Metric System in the United States? • Good question.

  6. Base Units • Length = meter (m) • Mass = gram (g) → “standard” unit = kg • Volume = liter (l) • Time = second (s) • Temperature = Kelvin (K) • Amount of a substance = mole (mol) • …etc

  7. Definition of a kilogram • The mass of a small platinum-iridium metal cylinder kept at a very controlled temperature and humidity.

  8. Definition of a meter • The distance traveled by light in a vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 seconds.

  9. Definition of a second • The fraquency of one type of radiation emitted by a cesium-133 atom.

  10. SI Prefixes • Giga – G 109 1 000 000 000 • Mega –M 106 1 000 000 • kilo – k 103 1000 • hecto – h 102 100 • deka – da 10 10 • BASE UNIT meters/liters/grams/…etc • deci – d 10-1 0.1 • centi – c 10-2 0.01 • milli – m 10-3 0.001 • micro – μ 10-6 0.000 001 • nano – n 10-9 0.000 000 001 • pico – p 10-12 0.000 000 000 001

  11. Introduction to meter stick • Meter (m) – dm – cm – mm • Demonstration with meter sticks #1, #2, #3, plus standard meter stick.

  12. METRIC “STEP” SYSTEM & CONVERSIONS • Convert 102m → mm • 102m = 102 000mm • Convert 427 693μm → m • 427 693μm = 0.427 693m • Metric Conversion Hand Out #1

  13. Handout #1

  14. METRIC “Step System” G G G M M M k k k BASE BASE BASE h h h da da da d d d c c c m m m n n n p p p For each step you go up, move the decimal point one place to the left. For each step you go down, move the decimal point one place to the right. μ

  15. Handout #2 • Handout Metric Conversion Quiz 17-points (OPTIONAL) • Handout Metric Conversion Worksheet 1-24 (OPTIONAL)

  16. Conversions Cont. • Length 1 inch = 2.54 cm (exactly) • Volume 1 liter = 1.0576 qt • Mass 1 kg = 2.21 lbs • Weight 1 lb = 4.45N (Newtons) • More useful conversions on back cover of text book

  17. Dimensional Analysis Method= Factor Label Method • Example #1 • 4km → in • 4km x 1000m x 100cm x 1in = • 1 1km 1m 2.54cm • 157 480in

  18. Example #2 • 26dam → yds • 26dam x 1000cm x 1in x 1ft x 1yd = • 1 1dam 2.54cm 12in 3ft • 284.3yds

  19. More Example Problems • 3) 37hl → gal • 37hl = 978.28gal • 4) 439 672 107mg → tons • 439 672 107mg = 0.4858tons

  20. 5) 467 223 921 732 oz → Gg • 467 223 921 732 oz = 13,269.16Gg • 6) 937 456 737mg → tons • 937 456 737mg = 1.03tons • Hint: • Insert the units first to ensure that the units will cancel out leaving only the unit that you want to end up with.

  21. Additional Handouts • Handout #3 • Handout#4 • Handout#5 • Handout – Conversion Handout-1

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