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Protists and Fungi

Protists and Fungi. Protist. Oldest Eukaryotic Cells - 2 Billion Years ago Live in a variety of environments: water, soil, trees Shared characteristics of protists All eukaryotes All do not fit into any of the other kingdoms. What is a Protist?. Most diverse kingdom of organisms

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Protists and Fungi

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  1. Protists and Fungi

  2. Protist • Oldest Eukaryotic Cells - 2 Billion Years ago • Live in a variety of environments: water, soil, trees • Shared characteristics of protists • All eukaryotes • All do not fit into any of the other kingdoms

  3. What is a Protist? • Most diverse kingdom of organisms • May be unicellular or multicellular • Microscopic or large (algae) • Autotrophs or Heterotrophs • Asexual or Sexual reproduction • Movement by: Flagella, cilia or pseudopodia

  4. Protist are Classified by: • Animal-Like: move & consume other organisms • Plant-Like: photosynthetic, algae • Fungus-Like: reproduction is similar to fungus

  5. What is a Protozoan? • Protozoa- Animal like protists • Unicellular heterotrophs • Feed on other organisms or dead organic matter • Usually reproduce asexually, some sexually

  6. What is a Protozoan? • Amoebas • Pseudopodia – movement & feeding • Radiolarians- Important part of marine food chain • Flagellates • Can harm (African sleeping sickness) • Can help (termites)

  7. What is a Protozoan? • Ciliates • Reproduce asexually (binary fission)& sexual (conjugation) • Ex: paramecium Genetically Identical to parent Genetically different

  8. What is Algae? • Algae- Plant like protists • Can be Uni- or Multicellular • Photosynthesize • Pigments make these protists a variety of colors and color can be used to classify them.

  9. What is Algae? • Algae produce much of the Earth’s oxygen and are the basis of aquatic food chains (like plants are for food chains on land). • No true roots, stems or leaves

  10. What is Algae? Ex: • Photosynthetic unicellular algae are called Phytoplankton • Diatoms • Dinoflagellates- Can be very harmful • Population increases cause Red Tides-toxins can kill fish & humans who eat affected fish.

  11. Dinoflagellates Link

  12. What is Algae? Ex: • Green algae • Volvox live in colonies • Spirogyra reproduce asexually by fragmentation • Red algae- seaweeds, can live in deep water • Brown algae- Kelp

  13. What are “Fungus Like” Protists? • Unlike Fungi, Fungus like protists are able to move and do not have chitin in their cell walls. • Classified by the way they reproduce • Slime molds – sexual Reproduction (spores) • Water Molds and Downy Mildews – asexual & sexual reproduction

  14. Fungus Kingdom

  15. What is a Fungus? • Have chitin in their cell walls • Most multicellular, some unicellular • Heterotrophs – do not make their Own food, they absorb nutrients.

  16. Structure • Hyphae- basic structural unit, threadlike filaments that develop from fungal spores • Mycelium- a network of branched hyphae • Ex: Yeast, molds

  17. What is a Fungus? • Negative affects- • can spoil food,cause diseases, or be poisonous (some mushrooms) , allergies to mold & spores • Positive affects • Decompose large quantities of organic waste

  18. What is a Fungus? • Reproduction – Sexual & Asexual • Fragmentation- Asexual reproduction where pieces of hyphae are broken off and new mycelia grow • Budding- Asexual reproduction where a new individuals pinch off • Reproducing by spores- Sexual & Asexual. A spore is a reproductive cell that can develop into a new organism.

  19. Plant Like Protistsvs. Plants • Plant-like protists are like plants in many fundamental ways. • They are autotrophs that obtain food from sunlight. • Most Plant like protists can move from place to place to hunt their food. • The main difference between Plants and Plant-like protists is that Plant-like protists are always Unicellular.

  20. Fungus-like Protist vs.Fungus • Fungi-like protists are like Fungi in many fundamental ways. • They are Heterotrophs that obtain food from . • Most Fungi-like protists can move from place to place to hunt their food. • The main difference between Fungi and Fungi-like protists is that Fungi-like protists are all motile (move) at some point in their life cycles..

  21. Amoeba Animal – like Protist vs.Animals • Animal-like protists are like animals in many fundamental ways. • They are Heterotrophs that must obtain food by consuming other organisms. • Most Animal like protists can move from place to place to hunt their food. • The main difference between Animals and Animal-like protists is that Animal-like protists are always Unicellular.

  22. THE END!

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