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AP Physics Chp 28

AP Physics Chp 28. Event – physical occurance Reference Frame – x,y,z axes and time Inertial reference frame a=0 and Fnet =0. Postulates of Special Relativity 1) Laws of Physics are constant in every inertial reference frame

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AP Physics Chp 28

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  1. AP Physics Chp 28

  2. Event – physical occurance • Reference Frame – x,y,z axes and time • Inertial reference frame a=0 and Fnet =0

  3. Postulates of Special Relativity • 1) Laws of Physics are constant in every inertial reference frame • 2) Speed of light in a vacuum is c regardless of how fast the source and/or observer are moving relative to each other

  4. Absolute velocity? • Luminiferous Ether

  5. Time Dilation • ∆to is the observers time that is at “rest” • ∆t is the time for observers that are in motion compared to the “event” • v is the relative velocity between the two observers • c is 3.00 x 108 m/s

  6. Length contraction • Lo is the proper length – distance at rest with object • Only in direction of motion • Proper doesn’t mean “correct” or “absolute”

  7. If you fly to Mars at 0.8 c and it takes 182 seconds to get there for those on the spaceship, how long does it seem for us left on earth? And if the ship is 1500 m long what length would it appear while moving?

  8. Relativistic Momentum • p= mv for low velocity situations

  9. Energy • Eo=mc2 this is the rest energy

  10. E = KE + Eo • KE = E - Eo

  11. A change in energy causes a change in mass. • Often it is too small to notice.

  12. Total Energy and Momentum • E2 = p2c2 + m2c4 • Why is c the maximum? KE vs work

  13. Relative and Relativistic Velocities • Tossing a ball from a moving vehicle • Vab = Vac + Vbc Ex. 22 m/s + 5 m/s = 27m/s

  14. Velocity addition formula

  15. If the large haldron collider can get a proton up to 0.9999c what is the classical momentum and what is the relativistic momentum for the proton? • Classical • p = mv = 1.67x10-27Kg (0.9999) 3x108m/s • p = 5.01 x 10-19 Kgm/s

  16. Relativistic • p= 3.5x10-17 Kgm/s so momentum is greater

  17. What are the rest energy, total energy, and kinetic energy for the accelerated proton? • E0 = mc2 = (1.67x10-27Kg)(3x108m/s)2 • E0 = 1.44x10-10 J

  18. KE = E-E • KE = 1.06x10-8 J - 1.44x10-10 J = 1.05 x 10-8 J

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