Web Application Test Automation using Selenium WebDriver & TestNG

1. Web Application Test Automation using Selenium  WebDriver & TestNG  Selenium WebDriver is the most powerful and famous tool of selenium toolkit.           Using Selenium WebDriver, one can write automated web application UI tests           in any programming language against any website. It is an open source and         free tool that extends support to almost all the major browsers. Selenium             WebDriver supports multiple programming languages like Java, C#, Ruby,       Python, Javascript and PHP. To make the automated testing using Selenium             WebDriver more efficient, test automation frameworks are used.                                                                                A test automation framework is basically a well integrated coding pattern           that shapes up the thought and clarity of automation testing for better             results and understanding. The main function of a framework is to direct the           behavior of the test performed. There are various types of frameworks that           suit the different test operations. Some of the most popular ones are :                                                        ~ Module Based Framework: In this framework, the entire Application under             Test ( AUT) is divided into smaller, independent modules and tests scripts that                                     Web : ​https://www.9spl.com mail : ​sales@9spl.com

2. are created for each modules. One can combine the smaller test scripts in             order to generate a larger master test script so that they can accomplish the               desired test scenarios. This master script is used to call the individual test           scripts to run end to end test scenarios. In this framework, testers write               function libraries to use it whenever required.                                                          ~ Data-driven Framework: In this framework, the Test Script and Test Data are           separated from each other. This allows us to create test automation scripts           by just passing different sets of test data. The Test data does not needs to be               hard-coded. The test data set is kept in the external files or resources such as               MS Excel Sheets, SQL Database Tables, XML files, etc. The test scripts           accesses the test data from the external resources. By using this framework             we could make the test scripts work properly for different sets of test data.               This framework significantly reduces the effort required for creating multiple         scripts for different data.                                                                                                                      ~ Keyword Driven Framework: In a Keyword-driven testing, they use the table             format to describe the keywords or action words for each of the functions or             methods that needs to be performed. It executes automation test scripts           based on only those keywords that have been stated in the excel sheet. With             the help of this Framework, it is easy for testers to work with keywords for                 developing a test automation script. The logic to read keywords and call for           the needed action cited in the external excel sheet is located in the main             class. Hence, Keyword-driven testing is very much similar to data-driven         testing.                                                                                                                    ~ Hybrid Framework: A Hybrid framework is a ​modeled ​testing automation framework that involves various features of the above mentioned three         frameworks as described. It involves taking the required attributes of other           frameworks for creating the most suitable framework for complex testing           scenarios. It also has the ability of keyword driven, data driven and module               based operations too. Thus, it is one of the most efficient testing frameworks               to be used for complex tests.                                                                                  One of the most commonly used testing framework is the TestNG framework.             The NG in TestNG stands for Next Generation. The TestNG framework covers a               wider range of test categories: unit, functional, end-to-end, integration,           system, regression, etc. This enables the developer to write more flexible and           dynamic tests with the help of annotations,             parametrizing. TestNG can be used for creating a hybrid framework involving           Data driven and Module Based frameworks.                                                      grouping,   prioritizing &             Web : ​https://www.9spl.com mail : ​sales@9spl.com

3. It has been inspired by JUnit and NUnit but introduction of some new               functionalities make it much better and easier to use than before, The           functionalities added are:                            Annotations: Various Annotations are available in TestNG  – @BeforeSuite: It will run before all tests in this suite.  – @AfterSuite: It will run after all tests in this suite have been executed.  – @BeforeTest: This method runs before the test method that belongs to the           classes inside the tag is performed.                  – @AfterTest: This method runs after each and every test methods that           belong to the classes inside the tag are executed.                – @BeforeGroups: This method runs shortly before the first test method that           belongs to any of these groups has been performed.                – @AfterGroups: This method will run shortly after the last test method that             belongs to any of these groups have been executed.                – @BeforeClass: This method runs before the first test method in the current           class is applied.                  – @AfterClass: This method runs only after all the test methods in the current             class have been performed.                  – @BeforeMethod: This method will run before all the test method.  – @AfterMethod: This method runs after all the test method.  – @Test: This method is a part of a test case.  ~ Grouping: TestNG allows to perform groupings of test methods. We can also             execute only set of groups while excluding another groups. This gives us the             maximum flexibility in dividing tests according to the requirement. Groups are           specified in the testng.xml file and are found under the <test> or <suite> tag.             Groups that are specified in the <suite> tag will apply to all the <test> tags             underneath it. The groups can be included or excluded using the IDE tools             like Eclipse, but the using the testng.xml file is more better.                                                                                          ~ Prioritizing: In TestNG, Priority is used to set the sequence in which the test             cases have to be executed. Without prioritizing, the test cases may execute in             the disorderly sequence, instead of sequence they are ought to be executed.                                                         Web : ​https://www.9spl.com mail : ​sales@9spl.com

4. When there are multiple test cases representing an end-to-end functionality,             they have to be executed in a sequence for proper testing. For example, we               need to execute a Login test case before executing other test of other               functionality in the application. To set priority, we need to set the priority           beside the @Test annotation like @Test(priority=0). The test case with           priority=0 will be executed first, then the test cases with priority=1, and so on. If             you do not give priority to all test cases, then all the tests will be executed in                 the alphabetical order of their class names.                                                                                                  ~ DataProvider: A Data Provider is a method annotated with @DataProvider. A               Data Provider returns an array of objects. It means marking a method to             supplying data for a test method. The annotated method has to return an             Object[][] where each Object[] can be assigned the parameter list of the test             method. The @Test method ifit wants to collect data from this DataProvider             then it needs to use a dataProvider name equivalent to the name of this               annotation.                                                                                ~ Parallel Tests: Your site will look, feel and perform differently in different               browsers. That is because different browsers understand some code slightly           differently. Each project needs you to perform multi-browser testing to ensure             that the functionality is working as expected in all the browsers to give same             user experience to all the audience. TestNG gives us a functionality to execute             the same test on different browsers in a simple and easy way. Using the             feature provided by TestNG for Parallel Executions, we can execute same           tests on various browsers at the same time, helping to perform cross browser               testing in very less time.                                                                                                        ~ Reports and Asserts: TestNG also has the logging facility for tests. During             the execution of a test case, user may want some information to be written on                 the console, after failure of certain tests or some other event. With the help of             TestNG Logs, it is possible to use logging during the Selenium test case               execution. TestNG also has the ability to take decisions in the middle of the             test run with the help of Asserts methods. Asserts are mainly used to check               the presence of an element during a test. There are three main assert             statements :                                                                                                        – Assert.assertTrue(): Assert.assertTrue() statement fails the test and stops the     execution of the test, if the required element is not found.                  – Assert.assertFalse(): Assert.assertFalse() statement fails the test, if some     element which not supposed to be present in the page, is present.                Web : ​https://www.9spl.com mail : ​sales@9spl.com

5. – Assert.assertEquals(): Assert.assertEquals() statement fails the test, if the     expected value of an element is not equal to the expected value.                ~ Reports and Listeners: TestNG provides a very helpful reporting feature.           After the test execution, a test-output folder is generated at the root of           project. This folder contains two type of Reports:                              – Index.html: It is an html report containing information like results, errors, test               time, reporter logs, testng XML files, etc.              – emailable-report.html: This is a summarized report of the test execution           which contains passed test case messages in green and failed test cases           messages in red.                            By implementing two interfaces, ITestListener and IReporter, the reports can         be customized as per requirement. The ITestListener enables to get a report           between execution of the tests, while the IReporter is able to generate a final             report after the test is executed. Screenshots can be taken simply by             typecasting WebDriver to the screenshot         generated by implementing the Log4j logging utility.                                                            interface.   Log files can be       TestNG has many more features which make it one of the favourite and           commonly used framework for Test Automation. Thus, a framework is a           crucial necessity for performing automated test operations using Selenium.         There are multiple test frameworks available, but choosing the right type of           framework based on the type of test to be performed on the application             matters the most. Choosing the right framework will not only help with the             desirable results but also make the automated testing operation more           efficient and effective.                                                                                            Source By : ​​https://www.9spl.com/blog/web-application-test-automation-using-selenium-webdriver-testng/ Web : ​https://www.9spl.com mail : ​sales@9spl.com