A New Comprehensive Detector for RHIC-II

1. A New Comprehensive Detector for RHIC-II

2. Outline • Introduction • Why we are thinking about a new detector for RHIC-II • Overview of the detector design • More on specifics • Summary

3. The current group P. Steinberg, T. Ullrich (Brookhaven National Laboratory) M. Calderon (Indiana University) J. Rak (Iowa State University) S. Margetis (Kent State University) M. Lisa, D. Magestro (Ohio State University) R. Lacey (State University of New York, Stony Brook) G. Paic (UNAM Mexico) T. Nayak (VECC Calcutta) R. Bellwied, C. Pruneau, A. Rose, S. Voloshin (Wayne State University) H. Caines, A. Chikanian, E. Finch, J.W. Harris, M. Lamont, C. Markert, J. Sandweiss, N. Smirnov (Yale University)

4. Properties of sQGP (Deconfinement) Quarkonia resolution, acceptance, rates & feed-down percentages Jet and PID high pT measurements (g-jet, jet-jet) How do particles acquire mass? PID at high pT, correlations, large  acceptance, -tagged jets Structure and dynamics of the proton Large  acceptance, jets, -jets, high pT identified particles, correlations Is there another phase of matter? (CGC) High-pT identified particle yields to large  Multi-particle correlations over small & large D range Foundations of RHIC-II physics program

5. Why strongly interacting ? Initial temperatures, system evolution, EOS ? Study: via… Initial T:gg-HBT Parton density:jet tomography, flavor, intra-, inter-jet correlations Fragmentation functions:identified leading particles Deconfinement T:quarkonium states - Tdiss(Y’) < Tdiss((3S)) < Tdiss(J/Y)  Tdiss((2S)) < Tdiss((1S)) Quark vs. gluon jets:jets as f(s) and (anti) particle 1) What are the properties of matter created?

6. 2) How do particles acquire mass? • Contribution of gluon, sea and valence quark to hadron mass. Hadron formation quark coalescence? Is chiral symmetry restored? • Modifications (quenching) in excited vacuum. • Mass modifications due to excited vacuum states, effects of chiral symmetry? Study via: • Modification in jet fragmentation • Identified hadrons at high pT in fragmentation of jets in pp and AA.

7. How do gluons, sea quarks, orbital angular momentum contribute to spin of proton? Transversity Transversity dist. function of q andq Sivers effect  ST (P  k)  0 Physics beyond the standard model New parity violating interactions etc 3) Dynamical structure of proton  p e W s c n g c D-jet p • Study using: • forward W production • g-jets and di-jets • Heavy quarkonia and D measurements • High ET jets

8. Gluon saturation and color glass condensate. What are its features ? How does it evolve into the QGP? 4) Is there another phase (CGC) at low-x? ln (1/x) PHOBOS low-x  forward physics • Study using: • High y identified particles to high pT • Multi-particle correlations - short & long range (D) • 4p bulk dynamics

9. Comprehensive new detector @ RHIC-II Central detector (|h| 3.4) HCal and m-detectors Forward tracking: 2-stage Si disks Superconducting coil (B = 1.3T) HCal and m-detectors EM Calorimeter Forward magnet (B = 1.5T) Vertex tracking RICH ToF Tracking: Si, mini-TPC(?), m-pad chambers Forward spectrometer: (h= 3.5 - 4.8) RICH EMCal (CLEO) HCal (HERA) m-absorber Aerogel h= 1.2 – 3.5 PID: RICH ToF Aerogel |h|  1.2 • Quarkonium physics • Jet physics • Forward low-x physics • Global observables over 4p • Spin physics Characteristics of detector allow a UNIQUE RHIC-II physics program SLD magnet 6m

10. h distributions in pp (g+jet) Why acceptance in  & pT? Essential for jets, high pT correlations, quarkonium, spin programs Preliminary STAR results on number correlations for pT < 2 GeV/c Broadening inhand fpp AA pp AA parton fragmentation modified in dense color medium: Dhelongation even on near side can measure 40 GeV jets: 180k in 30 nb-1

11. Need EM & hadronic calorimetry in pp g+jet at colliders • Direct g component • Fragmentation background pp (spin) isolation cuts Ehad < e Eg in cone requires HCAL (see CDF) e+e- in SLD • Hermetic detector (4p HCAL)  missing energy • W production: W  e(m) + n (Nadolsky, Yuan, NPB666 31), W  jet + jet

12. EM and hadronic calorimetry in AA • Isolation cuts not effective (background)  go to high ETg •  requires high rate, large acceptance • g+jet at high ETg • for ETg = 20 GeV  19,000 g + jet events in 30 nb-1 • (1000 @ 30 GeV) • with high pT PID over full away-side acceptance ||<3.4 • Hadronic calorimetry - in general • improves jet energy resolution (neutral component). • removes trigger bias of EMC. • proven essential in all HEP detectors for jet physics. • not available in any RHIC experiment.

13. Melting T’s  Suppression Tmelt(Y’) < Tmelt((3S)) < Tmelt(J/Y)  Tmelt((2S)) < TRHIC < Tmelt((1S))? Production and nuclear absorption/shadowing studies Resolution: Precision Tracking + Muon Detectors + EMCAL + PID Acceptance  Rates x and cos Q* coverage Quarkonia reconstruction xF dependence:

14. Charmonium cc feed-down To measure cc decay & determine feed-down to J/y cc J/y + g, must have large forward acceptance for g

15. Large acceptance for electrons and muons |h|<3, Df = 2p Precision Tracking + Muon Detectors + ECAL + PID Au+Au min bias: 30 nb-1plepton > 2 GeV/c for J/Y (4 GeV/c for) Comparison to LHC s(LHC)/s(RHIC)= 9 – 25 but Ldt (RHIC) / Ldt(LHC) > 10-20 High rates + large acceptance  xF coverage, s and A scan Quarkonia rates with this detector Eg > 2 GeV Eg > 4 GeV ? ?

16. Why particle ID to high-pT? But: Each parton contributes to fragmentation function differently (statistical approach (Bourelly & Soffer)). Each expected to lose different dE in opaque medium. Presently:Modification of fragmentation function is non-specific, i.e., same for all quarks and gluons(e.g.Gyulassy et al.,nucl-th/0302077) Bourelly & Soffer Compare PID fragmentation with and without opaque medium. Measure high pT PID two particle correlations

17. High-pT charged particle ID (p, K, p) STAR, 3-4 GeV pq,g > 10 GeV/c pq,g > 10 GeV/c all h |h| < 0.5 New detector, 20 GeV PID acceptance factors over upgraded RHIC detectors: f=72 (PHENIX), f=3 (STAR) 10GeV PHENIX 0 f coverage 2p 4 GeV -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 rapidity Multiply pp events by factor of ~ 8 x 1015 for AuAu events in 30 nb-1 RHIC year

18. High pT ID’d particles and jets

19. Jet/leading particle physics Quarkonium physics Structure and dynamics of the proton Low-x physics New (as yet) undetermined physics Summary The New Comprehensive Detector designed for the new era of UNIQUE physics at RHIC-II : • High rates • Large acceptance • High pT tracking • PID out to high pT • PID in the forward direction • Good momentum resolution

20. The comprehensive new RHIC-II detector Central detector (|h| 3.4) HCal and m-detectors Forward tracking: 2-stage Si disks Superconducting coil (B = 1.3T) HCal and m-detectors EM Calorimeter Forward magnet (B = 1.5T) Vertex tracking RICH ToF Tracking: Si, mini-TPC(?), m-pad chambers Forward spectrometer: (h= 3.5 - 4.8) RICH EMCal (CLEO) HCal (HERA) m-absorber Aerogel h= 1.2 – 3.5 PID: RICH ToF Aerogel |h|  1.2

21. Backup slides

22. Momentum resolution Momentum resolutions based on the tracking devices for the different regions of pseudo-rapidity and the forward spectrometer section.

23. Charged Particle PID

24. Detector Radius(cm) Halflength (cm) Sigma r-phi(cm) Sigma z(cm) Thickness(cm) Vertex 2.8 9.6 0.001 0.001 0.01 (APS or 4.3 12 Hybrid pixels) 6.5 21 10.5 27 Main Si-strip 19 39 0.003 0.03 0.03 24.5 42 31 45 38.5 51 46 57 56 60 OrMain mTPC 22.5-60 55 0.012 0.035 0.2 (mylar+gas) High pT track 70 76 0 .17 0.17 micropattern 115 110 0.01 0.9 0.3 G10 + 135 130 0.01 1.2 1.0 Gas + 170 165 0.01 1.4 0.05 Mylar Central tracker layout Position, segmentation in radius (r) and azimuthal angle (f), and thicknesses of the various central tracking detectors.