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pragmatics discourse analysis

Discourse. A series of linguistic utterances that

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pragmatics discourse analysis

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    1. Pragmatics & Discourse Analysis

    2. Discourse

    3. Given and New Information Discourses consist of both given and new information Given Already provided within the discourse or context New Provided throughout the discourse; once contributed considered given next time it occurs Vagueness is caused by confusing the two

    4. Example of New and Given Erin: Who ate the last piece of pizza Ben: Sara ate it In Ben�s utterance, Sara is new information as it is just being introduced into the discourse. Last piece of pizza is the given information, as it, was provided by Erin�s utterance, and is replaced by the pronoun it. However, in Erin's statement last piece... is new, unless the context makes it given info, such as an empty pizza box lying around

    5. Topics and Comments Topic What the utterance is about The most important info in the utterance Comments Says something about the topic Additional &/or clarifying information Topics are often the subjects of sentences but not always

    6. Topicalization Moves the topic to the beginning of an utterance to clearly mark it. Passive Voice Fronting Left-Dislocation Clefting Prep Phrase Prepositioning

    7. Contrastive Expression When information provided is in opposition to other information in the discourse Erin: Did Sara eat the pizza? Ben: No, Steve did. You might be smart, but he�s likable Not only is he rich, but he's nice as well

    8. Definite & Referential Definite assumes that the addressee can identify the referent In English, it will often be introduced with the, that, this, these, those, his, her, its, theirs; also proper nouns Otherwise an expression is indefinite Referential expressions refer to a specific entity/action in �real world� Otherwise an expression in non-referential

    9. Definite vs. Referential Where�s the key to the car? Definite and Referential Sue leased a new Ford Focus wagon. Indefinite and Referential What is the most intelligent thing to do now? Definite and Nonreferential You need a new car. Indefinite and Nonreferential

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