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William Shakespeare. Biography. April 1564 - 1616 In Stratford-upon-Avon 100 miles NW of London At 18, married Anne Hathaway Became an actor. Map of England. Scenery and Costumes. Scenery – none. All information comes from dialogue.
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Biography • April 1564 - 1616 • In Stratford-upon-Avon • 100 miles NW of London • At 18, married Anne Hathaway • Became an actor
Scenery and Costumes • Scenery – none. All information comes from dialogue. • Very elaborate and expensive – wealthy gave clothes to their favorite servants, who then sold them. • No women in plays until 1660. Girls were played by little boys. This is why there are very few female roles.
Puritans • Upset because of “waste” of expensive clothing. • Not fans of cross-dressing or boy/boy roles.
Theaters • “The Theatre” was north of London. • In 1596, it’s lease was lost so the actors took it apart and rebuilt it south, across the Thames. • It was renamed, “The Globe.” • Built outside of the city so that London officials couldn’t interfere.
Theaters • Floor – cheap – standing only • Tarras – luxury boxes • Stage – trapdoor to “hell” • “Hell” – dead people “leave” the stage • “Heavens” – Some scenery
Theaters Close • During Shakespeare’s time, 200,000 people were living in London • Between Dec. 1592 and Dec. 1593, 11,000 died of plague • All public areas, including restaurants and playhouses were closed Costume worn by plague doctor to protect against 'miasmas' of poisonous air
Sonnets • With the theaters closed, Shakespeare began writing poems, called Sonnets. • He wrote 154 in all. • 14 line poems • 3 quatrains – groups of 4 lines • 1 couplet – group of 2 lines
Sonnet 18 • AShall I compare thee to a summer’s day? B Thou art more lovely and more temperate: A Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, B And summer’s lease hath all too short a date: • C Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, D And often is his gold complexion dimmed; C And every fair from fair sometimes declines, D By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimmed; • E But thy eternal summer shall not fade, F Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest, E Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade, F When in eternal lines to time thou growest; • G So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, G So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
Sonnet 18 – Parody • Shall I compare thee to a bale of hay? • Thou art more dusty and far less neat. • Rough winds do toss thy mop about, I'd say, • Which looks far worse than hay a horse would eat. • Sometime thy squinty eye looks into mine • Through stringy, greasy hair that needs be trimm'd, • And ne'er a horse had such a stench as thine, • As though in stagnant sewers thou hast swimm'd. • Thy disgusting image shall not fade; • This my tortured mind and soul doth know. • O, I should love to hit thee with a spade; • And with that blow I hope that thou wouldst go. • So long as I can breathe, my eyes can see, • And I can run, I'll stay away from thee... • copyright1991anthonybaldwin
Sonnet 130 • My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips' red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. • I have seen roses damask'd, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks; And in some perfumes is there more delight Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. • I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound; I grant I never saw a goddess go; My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground: • And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare.
Sonnet 46 • Mine eye and heart are at a mortal war • How to divide the conquest of thy sight; • Mine eye my heart thy picture's sight would bar, • My heart mine eye the freedom of that right. • My heart doth plead that thou in him dost lie— • A closet never pierced with crystal eyes— • But the defendant doth that plea deny • And says in him thy fair appearance lies. • To 'cide this title is impanneled • A quest of thoughts, all tenants to the heart, • And by their verdict is determined • The clear eye's moiety and the dear heart's part: • As thus; mine eye's due is thy outward part, • And my heart's right thy inward love of heart.
Sonnet 116 • Let me not to the marriage of true minds Admit impediments; love is not loveWhich alters when it alteration finds,Or bends with the remover to remove: • O, no, it is an ever-fixèd mark,That looks on tempests and is never shaken;It is the star to every wand'ring bark,Whose worth's unknown, although his heighth be taken. • Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeksWithin his bending sickle's compass come;Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks,But bears it out even to the edge of doom. • If this be error and upon me proved,I never writ, nor no man ever loved.