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Using Energy Harvesting to Power Wireless Sensors

Using Energy Harvesting to Power Wireless Sensors. Understanding Smart Sensors. October 11, 2012 Randy Frank. Agenda. The Energy Harvesting System Energy Harvesting Techniques Storage Techniques The Energy Budget Tools to Get Started. Energy Harvesting. Avoids battery replacements.

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Using Energy Harvesting to Power Wireless Sensors

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  1. Using Energy Harvesting to Power Wireless Sensors Understanding Smart Sensors October 11, 2012Randy Frank

  2. Agenda • The Energy Harvesting System • Energy Harvesting Techniques • Storage Techniques • The Energy Budget • Tools to Get Started

  3. Energy Harvesting • Avoids battery replacements Energy Source Energy Harvester Energy Storage Microcontroller Transceiver Sensor Power Management Desired Measurement

  4. Energy Harvesting Techniques • Thermoelectric • Vibration • Solar • Electromechanical • RF

  5. Energy Harvesting Sources

  6. Energy Harvesting Applications Automobiles Bridges/Structures Building Automation Industrial Automation Remote Wireless Sensing

  7. Bulk TEG Source: Marlow Industries

  8. MEMS TEG Source: Micropelt

  9. Vibration Sensing Source: KCF Technologies

  10. Photovoltaic EH Source: MicroStrain

  11. Electromechanical Energy Harvesting • Perpetuum Perpetuum

  12. Electromechanical EH • Switch activated energy harvesting • When the spring of EnOcean’s ECO 200 snaps, electromagnetic induction produces a short voltage pulse lasting a few milliseconds Converted energy transmits a signal up to a few hundred meters Source: EnOcean

  13. RF EH • Powercast Source: Powercast

  14. RF EH Source: Powercast

  15. Storage Techniques • Thin-film, solid state batteries • Cymbet • Infinite Power Solutions • Ultracapacitors • CAP-XX IPS

  16. Energy Harvesting: The Energy Budget • Every component must be scrutinized for its contribution or power consumption. Energy Source Energy Harvester Energy Storage Microcontroller Transceiver Sensor Power Management Desired Measurement

  17. Vibration Sources

  18. Energy For Transmitting Source: Cymbet

  19. Energy Harvesting Development Kits • Many development kits/tools to get started • Powercast • Microchip Technology

  20. IPS-EVAL-EH-02 • Demonstrates wireless indoor environmental sensing, energy harvesting, energy storage and power regulation for the development of autonomously powered wireless sensor systems. • MCU and radio Microchip Infinite Power Solutions

  21. IPS-EVAL-EH-02 • Multiple indoor environmental sensors: • Passive Infra-Red (PIR) occupancy sensor • Humidity sensor • Ambient light sensor • Temperature sensor • MAX17710 device from Maxim Integrated Products Infinite Power Solutions

  22. Solar Energy Harvesting Development Kit • Uses Microchip Technology’s PIC® MCUs with eXtreme Low Power (XLP) • sleep currents down to 20nA • active mode currents down to 50uA/MHz • code execution efficiency, and • multiple wake-up sources. • Uses EnerChip storage devices from Cymbet

  23. Solar Energy Harvesting Development Kit • TI’s eZ430-RF2500-SEH • Includes high-efficiency solar (2.25x2.25”) panel optimized for operating indoors • Manages and stores additional energy in a pair of thin-film rechargeable EnerChips from Cymbet TI’s eZ430-RF2500 runs the energy harvesting application.

  24. Characterizing the Environment • Midé Slam Stick Vibration Recorder

  25. Combined Piezoelectric and Solar • Piezoelectric Vibration & Solar Energy Harvester, SEH25w from Midé • Volture Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester

  26. Summary • Several energy sources for EH • Power is limited, budget wisely • EH systems are complex but many development tools are available

  27. Topics Later This Week • Friday Current hot topic 2: Sensor Fusion - Using the Newest Techniques for Advanced Sensors

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