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Understanding Weathering and Erosion Processes in Earth's Surface

Learn about mechanical and chemical weathering processes, factors influencing erosion, limestone cave formations, transport agents like water, wind, and gravity, as well as stream erosion and glacier impacts.

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Understanding Weathering and Erosion Processes in Earth's Surface

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  1. Weathering and Erosion Weathering - processes at or near Earth’s surface that cause rocks and minerals to break down Erosion - process of removing Earth materials from their original sites through weathering and transport

  2. Weathering Mechanical Weathering - processes that break a rock or mineral into smaller pieces without altering its composition Chemical Weathering - processes that change the chemical composition of rocks and minerals

  3. Agents of Mechanical Weathering • frost wedging • thermal expansion and contraction • mechanical exfoliation • abrasion by wind and water • plants and animals

  4. Frost Wedging

  5. Exfoliation

  6. Dome Exfoliation

  7. Plant Wedging

  8. Processes of Chemical Weathering • dissolving (dissolution) • oxidation • hydrolysis

  9. Factors in Chemical Weathering • climate • plants and animals • time • mineral composition

  10. Limestone cave feature result of chemical weathering

  11. Weathering and Erosion Weathering produces regolith (“rock blanket”) which is composed of small rock and mineral fragments. When organic matter is mixed in this material is called soil.

  12. Transport Agents or Forces • Water • Wind • Gravity

  13. Transport Agents - Water • Rain • Streams and rivers • Ocean dynamics • Ice (glaciers)

  14. Streams

  15. Stream Erosion and Deposition

  16. Typical River Gravel

  17. Glaciers

  18. Wind Transport of Dust

  19. Wind Transport of Dust

  20. Deposition Formation

  21. Deposition Formation

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