1 / 27

Ecology

Ecology. SNC1D. Why Study Ecology?. Sustainability: The ability to maintain an ecological balance. Ecology: The study of the interaction of living things with each other and with abiotic factors in their environment. Abiotic Factors: e.g. Biotic Factors: e.g.

jane
Download Presentation

Ecology

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Ecology SNC1D

  2. Why Study Ecology? Sustainability: • The ability to maintain an ecological balance

  3. Ecology: The study of the interactionof living things with each other and with abiotic factors in their environment. Abiotic Factors: e.g. Biotic Factors: e.g.

  4. Ecology can begin at the level of a single organism • But organisms do not live in isolation

  5. Ecological Ladder Biosphere Biome Ecosystem Community Population Species Organism Increasing complexity

  6. Ecosystems rarely have sharp boundaries • Organisms can move from one ecosystem to another Ecotone: The transition area between two ecosystems • Contains members of the community of both ecosystems

  7. Ecotone

  8. Biodiversity:The number and variety of species in an ecosystem • Ecotones have ______ biodiversity. • High biodiversity usually indicates a more sustainable ecosystem.

  9. Terms To Define: • 7 terms on the ecological ladder • Herbivore, carnivore, omnivore • Habitat • Sustainable Ecosystem • Natural and Artificial Ecosystems • Niche

  10. Energy Flow in Ecosystems

  11. The Sun • The source of all energy • Light • Heat • Evaporation (for precipitation) • Photosynthesis • _30__% of the total energy is reflected by clouds or Earth’s surface • _44__% heats atmosphere, surfaces, • __25___% heats and evaporates water • ___1__ % wind • _0.023__% for photosynthesis

  12. Biotic Factors

  13. Trophic Levels • Categorize living things (biotic factors) according to how they gain their energy.

  14. 1st Trophic Level • Contains organisms that are able to make their own food from abiotic factors (e.g. soil nutrients, sunlight) • Organisms in the 1st trophic level are called producers______ or ___autotrophs___ • E.g.

  15. 2nd Trophic Level • Contains organisms that feed on producers • Rely DIRECTLY on producers for their source of energy. • Organisms in the 2nd trophic level are called herbivores/ primary consumers/ heterotrophs_ • E.g.

  16. 3rd Trophic Level • Contains organisms that rely on primary consumers as their main energy source • But, indirectly, are still dependent on producers • Organisms in the 3rd trophic level are called __secondary consumers______________ • E.g.

  17. Decomposers • Organisms that feed on detritus Detritus: Waste from biotic factors, including their dead remain • Return nutrients (abiotic factors) to the ecosystem • E.g.

  18. 4th Trophic Levels 3rd Trophic Levels 2nd Trophic Levels 1st Trophic Levels

  19. 4th Trophic Levels 3rd Trophic Levels 2nd Trophic Levels 1st Trophic Levels

  20. Food Chains • Step-by-step sequence linking organisms that feed on each other • Arrows show the flow of energy (“is eaten by”) • Do not exist in nature • Show simple feeding relationships

  21. Food Webs • In reality, each organism has a variety of food sources and is therefore involved in multiple food chains • These food chains interlock to form a complex food web Food Web:Representation of the complex feeding relationships in an ecosystem

  22. Energy Flow • Organisms use about 90 % of the energy they take in to grow and reproduce, leaving just 10% of the energy they receive to pass along to the next trophic level. grass →grasshopper → frog →snake → hawk

  23. Ecological Pyramids • Are used to organize the information of these transfers, and the most common are:

More Related