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Essentials Of Fire Fighting Seventh Edition

Essentials Of Fire Fighting Seventh Edition. Chapter 18 Foam Fire Fighting, Liquid Fires, and Gas Fires. Learning Objectives 1-2. Describe methods used to generate fire fighting foam. Identify materials and equipment needed to generate fire fighting foam. Foam Fire Fighting. (Cont.).

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Essentials Of Fire Fighting Seventh Edition

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  1. Essentials Of Fire Fighting • Seventh Edition Chapter 18 Foam Fire Fighting, Liquid Fires, and Gas Fires

  2. Learning Objectives 1-2 • Describe methods used to generate fire fighting foam. • Identify materials and equipment needed to generate fire fighting foam.

  3. Foam Fire Fighting (Cont.)

  4. Foam Fire Fighting (Cont.)

  5. Foam Fire Fighting

  6. Class A And B Foams

  7. REVIEW QUESTION • List ways that fire fighting foam extinguishes fires and/or prevents ignition.

  8. Foam Generation — Proportioning

  9. Foam Generation — Aeration

  10. Foam Expansion (Cont.)

  11. Foam Expansion

  12. CAUTION • Failing to match the foam type and concentrate to the burning fuel will result in an unsuccessful extinguishing attempt and could endanger firefighters. • Likewise, mixing different types of foam can result in substandard quality foam and can foul pumps and other equipment.

  13. Foam Concentrates — Nozzles Used

  14. Class A Foam

  15. Class B Foam (Cont.)

  16. Class B Foam (Cont.)

  17. NOTE • If the fuel is in a tank, the type of tank will have a bearing on the application rate.

  18. Class B Foam Courtesy of James Mack/ Richmond International Airport (Cont.)

  19. Class B Foam

  20. Application Rates • Polar solvents have differing affinities for water • Rates vary with type and manufacturer of the concentrate • Information sources • Underwriters’ Laboratories (UL) • NFPA 11 • Manufacturers’ recommendations

  21. REVIEW QUESTION • What must happen in order to produce high quality foam?

  22. Foam Hazards

  23. REVIEW QUESTION • What hazards can fire fighting foam pose to firefighters and the environment?

  24. Foam Proportioning (Cont.)

  25. Foam Proportioning (Cont.)

  26. Foam Proportioning

  27. Foam Proportioning — Eduction

  28. Foam Proportioning — Injection

  29. Foam Proportioning — Premixing • Limited to one time application • Tank must be emptied and refilled before it can be used again • Most Class A foam solutions are biodegradable — Mixing and storing the solution for a long period of time can result in decreased foaming ability

  30. REVIEW QUESTION • What are the three methods of foam proportioning?

  31. Foam Proportioners

  32. In-line Foam Eductors

  33. Foam Nozzle Eductors

  34. Apparatus-Mounted Proportioners

  35. Compressed Air Foam Systems (CAFS)

  36. DISCUSSION QUESTION • What types of foam proportioners are commonly used in your jurisdiction?

  37. Fog Nozzles Vs. Foam Nozzles

  38. Fog Nozzles (Cont.)

  39. Fog Nozzles (Cont.)

  40. Fog Nozzles

  41. Foam Nozzles (Cont.)

  42. Foam Nozzles

  43. REVIEW QUESTION • What advantages do foam nozzles have over fog nozzles?

  44. Assembling A Foam Fire Stream System

  45. DISCUSSION QUESTION • If you notice that the foam you are producing is poor quality, what items should you check in order to fix the problem?

  46. Learning Objective 3 • Describe methods of foam application.

  47. Foam Application Techniques • Directs foam stream on the ground near the front edge of the spill • Foam rolls across the fuel surface • Continue to apply foam until it spreads across entire surface and fire is extinguished • May need to move stream to different positions to cover the entire pool • Used only on pool of liquid fuel on the open ground (Cont.)

  48. Foam Application Techniques • May be employed when elevated object is near or within the area of the liquid • Foam is directed onto the object, and runs down onto the surface of the fuel • May be necessary to direct the stream around various points to achieve total coverage and extinguishment • Used primarily on fires in diked pools and storage tanks and for fires involving spills around damaged or overturned transport vehicles (Cont.)

  49. Foam Application Techniques • Used when other two methods are not feasible • Primary manual method used on aboveground storage tank fires • Directs stream above the fire or spill and allows foam to float onto the fuel surface • Stream can be swept back and forth until the surface of the fuel is entirely covered and fire is extinguished • May be more effective to direct the stream at one location, allow the foam to collect, and then float out from that point

  50. DISCUSSION QUESTION • Provide an example scenario for when each method of foam application would be used: roll-on, bank-down, and rain-down.

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