Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy center

1. Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy center Dr. Brian Fabien Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center University of Washington

2. Marine and Hydrokinetic Technologies • Wave Energy can be captured from offshore, near shore, and shore based locations. It is driven by wind blowing over water creating waves from which energy is captured. • Tidal Energy can be captured from the ebb and flow of tides, thus the tidal devices change orientation with the tide. It is driven by the gravity of the moon and sun and can be predicted efficiently (better than wind and solar technologies). • Current Energy can capture the energy from moving ocean, tidal or river currents. • Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) uses the ocean’s natural thermal gradient to drive a power-producing cycle. Wave Energy Tidal Energy Current Energy OTEC Ocean Power Technologies PowerBuoy Verdant Power Free Flow System Turbines ECOMERIT - Aquantis Gulf Stream CurrentTurbine OTEC Design Model

3. NNMREC Overview • University of Washington • Co-Director: Dr. Brian Polagye • Tidal energy focus • Oregon State University • Director: Dr. Belinda Batten • Wave energy focus NNMREC Faculty and Students - May 2011 Meeting

4. National Marine Renewable Energy Centers Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center (NNMREC) • University of Washington • Oregon State University Southeast National Marine Renewable Energy Center (SNMREC) • Florida Atlantic University • Ocean Current, OTEC Hawaii National Marine Renewable Energy Center (HINMREC) • University of Hawaii • Wave, OTEC

5. NNMREC Objectives • Develop a full range of capabilities to facilitate the responsible development of marine renewable energy • Close key gaps in understanding • Inform regulatory and policy decisions • Educate the first generation of marine renewable energy engineers and scientists in the United States

6. Research Areas Technical Testing / Demonstration Wave Forecasting Survivability / Reliability Advanced Materials Device / Array Optimization Environmental Sediment Transport Marine Mammals Benthic Ecosystems EMF and Acoustics Site Characterization Socio-economic Fisheries / Crabbing Outreach / Engagement Existing Ocean Users Local / Oregon Economy

7. Test Facility Progression TRL 4-5 • Tsunami Wave Basin 49 m x 26.5 m x 2.1 m Columbia Power Technologies 1:15 scale Long Wave Fume 104 m x 3.7 m x 4.6 m TRL 7-9 • Newport, OR TRL 5-6 • Puget Sound, WA Columbia Power Technologies 1:7 scale Ocean Sentinel

8. Ocean Sentinel • Permitted Open-Ocean Test Site • Year-round availability

9. Pacific Marine Energy Center (PMEC) • Shore-side infrastructure • Bury cable to test site • Four test berths – one with capacity for up to three devices • Initial $4 M grant from DOE to develop facility and essential infrastructure PMEC Conceptual Layout

10. Instrumentation for Characterization Pre-Installation Characterization Sea Spider Package Post-Installation Characterization Infrared Detection of Marine Mammals Adaptable Monitoring Package SWIFT Buoy

11. Performance and Effects Modeling Tidal Turbine Wakes Numerical Modeling Effect of Wave Array Field and Laboratory Measurements Tidal Turbine Performance

12. Advanced Materials Corrosion Foul Release Coatings Composite Aging Biofouling

13. Prioritization of Environmental Research High Moderate Low Scientific Uncertainty Potential Significance Low Moderate High Polagye, B., B. Van Cleve, A. Copping, and K. Kirkendall (eds), (2011) Environmental effects of tidal energy development.

14. Monitoring Static and Dynamic Effects Stereo Optical-Acoustical Camera System • Joslin, J., B. Polagye, and S. Parker-Stetter (2012) Development of a stereo camera system for monitoring hydrokinetic turbines, MTS/IEEE Oceans 2012, Hampton Roads, VA, October 19-14.

15. Marine Renewable Energy Observatories? Snohomish Public Utility District Pilot Project (Puget Sound, Admiralty Inlet) • Tidal energy projects as observing nodes? • Opportunity to expand networks into harsher environments without large investments • Potential to leverage best practices and existing capabilities Two (200 ton) nodes on the seabed with 8+ fiber optic channels to shore and 2 kW available power for instrumentation

16. Estuarine Circulation Modeling • Idealized, high-resolution model of an estuary-fjord-ocean system is used to study effect of turbine array placement over the fjord sill • Turbine array enhances turbulent mixing over the sill, leading to local enhancement of exchange circulation Average Condition without Turbines Changes due to Turbines

17. Tidal Energy Sustainability Sustainable Large-Scale Tidal Energy Generation Scenario Scenario Analysis Site-specific Context and Values Engineering Options Metrics for Scenario Analysis Basic and Applied Research Topics Environmental Technical Social Scenario Parameters Large-Scale Tidal Energy Generation Scenario

18. Thank You For further information on activities at OSU: Belinda Batten, Director, Oregon State University Belinda.Batten@oregonstate.edu http://nnmrec.oregonstate.edu For further information on activities at UW: Brian Polagye, co-Director, University of Washington bpolagye@uw.edu http://depts.washington.edu/nnmrec • This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy.