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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS. RACIST VIOLENCE AND CRIME IN THE EU Sami Nevala – Seconded National Expert – FRA. March 2007 EUMC became FRA. FRA mandate to collect comparable data at EU-level that is able to inform knowledge-based policy relating to FR
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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FORFUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS RACIST VIOLENCE AND CRIME IN THE EU Sami Nevala – Seconded National Expert – FRA
March 2007 EUMC became FRA • FRA mandate to collect comparable data at EU-level that is able to inform knowledge-based policy relating to FR • Absence of adequate & comparable data seriously hampers development of informed EU policy responses • Discrimination/victimisation on grounds of race/ethnicity/religion remains FRA priority http://fra.europa.eu
Agency’s work on racist crime • Data gathered primarily by RAXEN network http://fra.europa.eu
Racist Violence in 15 EU MS • Policing Racist Crime and Violence FRA Reports • Annual Report, chapter on Racist Violence & Crime in the EU • Trends and Developments, chapter on racist violence in EU 2000-2005 http://fra.europa.eu
Agency’s work on racist crime • Survey on discrimination and victimisation of immigrants and ethnic minorities • Pilot in 6 MS in 2007 • Full survey forthcoming • Data gathered primarily by RAXEN network http://fra.europa.eu
Official Criminal Justice Data on Racist Violence and CrimeData is currently not directly comparable between Member States for the following reasons: • different legislation • whether racist and xenophobic crimes prioritised in legislation and criminal justice practice • reporting practices – willingness to report; mechanisms for reporting • recording practices – mechanisms for recording racist/xenophobic crimes at different stages of cjs http://fra.europa.eu
Official data collection mechanisms classification - 2006 http://fra.europa.eu
Trends in officially reported/recorded racist crime http://fra.europa.eu
What can we conclude from official criminal justice data collection mechanisms? • Many Member States not prioritising racist violence and crime as a serious social ill • People are not reporting racist crime • CJ bodies not accurately recording reports of racist crime and/or mechanisms lacking • Absence of a coordinated response between MSs In comparison – NGO reports indicate racist violence and crime is a problem in ALL Member States http://fra.europa.eu
Responding to Inadequate Data Legislative change is one step • Promote data collection ‘culture’ – policy emphasis + resources • Focus on vulnerable groups/victims – promote reporting • Focus on criminal justice agencies – promote recording • Learn from existing good practices in other countries • Develop alternative measuring instruments • Victim surveys (forthcoming FRA) http://fra.europa.eu
Targeted Legislation + Policy Focus Legislative Enforcement + Police Focus Informed Public Policy through Good Data Encourage Public Reporting + Data Collection Action at National & European Level Data collection as part of a ‘package’ http://fra.europa.eu
FRA Research Concludes • ‘The absence of adequate data on racist violence and crime seriously hampers the development of informed policy responses to this social ill’ • FRA SETS OUT TO PROMOTE DATA AT AN EU-LEVEL THAT IS ABLE TO INFORM • KNOWLEDGE-BASED POLICY http://fra.europa.eu