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The EPISTLE Reference Data Library an ontology for the Process Industry

The EPISTLE Reference Data Library an ontology for the Process Industry. David Leal, CAESAR Systems Limited. PISTEP 2000 (UK). POSC Caesar (Norway). USPI-NL (The Netherlands). BNFL bp Conoco Foster Wheeler Energy Shell. Cadcentre Det Norske Veritas FMC Kongsberg Subsea Intergraph

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The EPISTLE Reference Data Library an ontology for the Process Industry

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  1. The EPISTLE Reference Data Libraryan ontology for the Process Industry David Leal, CAESAR Systems Limited

  2. PISTEP 2000 (UK) POSC Caesar (Norway) USPI-NL (The Netherlands) • BNFL • bp • Conoco • Foster Wheeler Energy • Shell • Cadcentre • Det Norske Veritas • FMC Kongsberg Subsea • Intergraph • Norsk Hydro • Statoil • ABB • Akzo Nobel • Fluor Daniel • NAM • Shell EPISTLE - major sponsors and members EPISTLE EPISTLE: European Process Industry STEP Technical Liaison Executive STEP : STandard for the Exchange of Product data (ISO 10303)

  3. 64 31 NUTS 1”UNC ASTM A453 GR660 EN10204/2.2 32 30 STUDBOLTS 1”UNC, 5 1/ 2 ” ASTM A453 GR660 EN10204/2.2 2 29 SUPPORT BRACKET 6-194-4 MANUFACTURERS DRAWING ASTM A 453/A 453M - 660 CLASS A ISO 15926 REFERENCE DATA LIBRARY 07.1 Nuts External Flanges ASTM A 453M GR660, TP1 (3.1B) 07.1 Bolts/External Flnges ASTM A 453M GR660, TP1 (3.1B) 07.1 Brackets/Supports BS 1501-316-S11__________ (3.1.B) ENGINEERING DATASHEET What sort of thing is it? Acknowledgements to POSC/CAESAR Need one place to store the meaning and map between different terminology

  4. Our starting point begun in 1984 • STEP - ISO 10303 • STandard for the Exchange of Product data • shape • FEA (Finite Element Analysis) • PDM (Product Data Management) • special models forshipbuilding, plant spatial layout, electrical design • engineering semantics - what things or relationships are • real world vs designs/classes/specifications • Parts Libraries - ISO 13584 • families of standard parts • a methodology for unique part identification • some use of set theory ?  not web Complicated, ad-hoc information models - result of a learning process

  5. ISO 15926 • Life cycle data for process plants • including floating, flying, and with wheels • simple basic model extended by class libraries (i.e. ontologies) • STEP technology - EXPRESS • Entity/Relationship language - similar to UML (static class diagram) • simple exchange file representation • API - bindings to C, C++, Java • XML representation - horrible • Consequences • hard wired information model - voted on by ISO, and not easily extensible • extension by standard instances held in external files (class libraries) - also standardised by ISO - externally maintained registry with continuous revision ERDL

  6. A thermowell Acknowledgements to POSC/CAESAR

  7. Thermowell (Dry Well) POC (01.01.08) Properties Functional Parts Thermowell insertion length Thermowell Instrument Connection Thermowell standout length Thermowell Process Connection Thermowell lag length Thermowell total length Thermowell Estimated Dry Weight Physical Parts Measured Dry Weight Internal thread Thermowell internal bore Thermowell stem Subclasses Flanged Thermowell Screwed Thermowell Welded (Weld-in) Thermowell Van Stone Thermowell Socket Weld Thermowell Straight Stem Thermowell Stepped Stem Thermowell NORSOK I-001 Rev. 3 T01 Thermowell ISA S20T2501 Thermowell Welded Flange Thermowell Solid Forged Flanged Thermowell Tapered Stem Thermowell

  8. Thermowell Stem (Dry Well) POC (01.01.08) Properties Thermowell stem larger outside diameter Thermowell stem tip outside diameter Physical Wholes Thermowell stem tip thickness Thermowell Thermowell Stem Thermowell internal bore Subclasses ISA S20T2501 Thermowell NORSOK I-001 Rev. 3 T01 Thermowell Stepped Thermowell Stem Straight Thermowell Stem Tapered Thermowell Stem Properties NORSOK I-001 Rev. 3 T01 Thermowell stem Upper limit thermowell stem outside diameter Wake / natural frequency ratio ISA S20T2501 Thermowell Stem Thermowell stem outside diameter at support

  9. cast iron engine part SG cast iron rotating part SG cast iron crankshaft unmachined-surface part machined-surface part SG cast iron grade XYZ part with oil holes Part type and materials crankshaft V6 crankshaft Rover 75 crankshaft Rover 75 crankshaft rev1.2

  10. Standardised in ISO 15926-2 Basic concepts Conceptual Process Design Core Classes Standardised in ISO 15926-4 WD Common terminology Detailed Process Design Standardised by e.g. ISO /IEC/ ANSI/ BS/DIN, represented using ISO 15926 Conceptual Engineering Design Standard Classes Detailed Engineering Design Property Classes Activity Classes Product catalogs represented using ISO 15926 Commodity Classes Procurement Construction Commissioning Manufactured Item Classes Maintenance ECM and ERDL (ISO 15926) Structure Physical Object Classes

  11. ERDL - size of the problem • basic concepts ~ 200 • core classes ~2000 • first release of standard classes ~ 20000 - more to come • commodity classes ~ 1 million for big owner-operator • manufactured items ~ ? product/artifact, activity, state, composition, connection thermowell, pump, pipe, flange, raised face flange ISAS20T2501 thermowell A design/specification is a class.

  12. ERDL - how to define the classes • basic concepts ~ 200 • core classes ~2000 • first release of standard classes ~ 20000 • commodity classes ~ 1 million for big owner-operator • manufactured items ~ ? information modellers - theoreticians with an industry background teams of domain experts - initial tutorials from the information modellers heat transfer team, piping team, rotating equipment team, etc. further work by domain experts conversion of existing standards - using standard procedures uptake of methodology by industry

  13. dictionary Key concepts • product/artefact • product life segment/activity • product at instant/state start with real world things: A distribution of matter through space and time, that is regarded as the whole life of an object by some business process A product for a particular period of time. A product at an instant in time. then sets/classes of real world things; then classes of class, etc.

  14. ERDL Scope • piping • valves • rotating equipment • heat exchangers • electrical machinery • electrical distribution • instruments • connections • activities (for plant design, operation, maintenance) • civil/structural • documents (for plant design, operation, maintenance) • properties (for classes defined above) • units core classes in each area

  15. Some experiences • keep the hierarchy flat - without two many intermediate layer • not a strict hierarchy, but a directed graph • intermediate abstractions are 'woolly' • people argue about them endlessly product  Is this really needed? Does it have a precise definition? rotating equipment   pump expander

  16. Use of classification of class • Makes 'woolly' classes less visible • but still there - power set product rotating equipment class     pump expander indicates the responsible team of domain experts

  17. Use of classification of class • Filtering for drill down product instrument class generic class    thermowell instrument class  standard class    ISAS20T2501 ISA class   manufacturer class  J. Bloggs model XYZ  J. Bloggs class

  18. Rules for the development of class libraries • Stick to classes with precise definitions • write the text definitions as you go • Do not add 'collector' classes to structure the class library • Use classification of class to provide structure • Some classes can be defined by set theory and property contraints. • It is not practical to do this for all classes. • Text definition of the form: 'A xxx is a <superclass of xxx> that <distinction between xxx and its superclass>.'

  19. Intersection of classes cast part cast engine part engine part • A complete definition of 'cast engine part' without words!

  20. Intersection of classes cast part cylinder block engine part • Two subset relationships are not a complete definition!

  21. core model the one in my plant is one of these Class hierarchy thing physical object ‘product’ / artefact product for a period of time product at an instant in time thermowell flanged thermowell screwed thermowell welded thermowell

  22. Recording real world objects • The part with serial number 98/1234 is an instance of screwed thermowell • The part with serial number 98/1234 is an instance of product, classified as a screwed thermowell • <ScrewedThermowell> • <label>98/1234</label> • </ScrewedThermowell> XML equivalent to the EXPRESS implementation • <Product> • <type resource=“#ScrewedThermowell”/> • <label>98/1234</label> • </Product>

  23. core model thermowell is one of these Dictionary thing class class of physical object class of ‘product’ / artefact class of product for a period of time class of product at an instant in time screwed thermowell is one of these

  24. Recording classes • Screwed thermowell is an instance of class of product • Relationship to the class ‘Product’ is implicit. • <ClassOfProduct ID=“ScrewedThermowell> • <label>Screwed thermowell</label> • <subClassOf resource=“#Thermowell”/> • </ClassOfProduct> XML equivalent to the EXPRESS implementation • <ClassOfProduct ID=“Thermowell”> • <label>Thermowell</label> • <subClassOf resource=“#Product”/> • </ClassOfProduct>

  25. Each ‘ISA S20T2501T’ Thermowell has one ‘ISA S20T2501TS’ Thermowell • stem as a part. • Each thermowell has one thermowell stem as a part. • Each product has zero, one or many products as parts. * whole product composition * part 1 whole thermowell thermowell stem composition thermowell stem 1 part 1 whole ISA S20T2501T ISA S20T2501 stem composition ISA S20T2501TS 1 part Relationships and constraints

  26. classification allowed cardinality Individual and class models * whole product composition * part my_thermowell_stem is part of my_thermowell my_thermowell my_thermowell_stem * whole class of product class of composition * part thermowell_stem is part of thermowell thermowell thermowell_stem

  27. ScadaOnWeb gigabytes of structured data Define semantics of process monitoring data with respect to web ontologies extract and download subsets variables positions states/times semantics

  28. Next steps for EPISTLE • Exploit the current standards • EXPRESS tools are mature, and scalable (but expensive) • But • Ontologies need publication and management • Why develop EXPRESS based tools for ontology publication and management, when there is a much bigger community out there • Currently • class libraries held as files corresponding to the ISO 15926 EXPRESS schema • tools support import/export from a simple EXCEL spreadsheet • class library development uses EXCEL • Future • domain class libraries published as an ontology on the web • retain use of EXCEL by domain experts • ISO 15926 basic concepts as a web ontology   WonderWeb ScadaOnWeb ?

  29. Conclusions • Large body of work - searching for a formal representation on the web • Generic tools needed for access and maintenance • merging libraries are particular problem • Multi-layer structure • need a consistent format for all levels • no sharp distinction between data and meta-data (a design is a class) for more information www.epistle.ws www.posccaesar.org www.uspi.nl

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