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Anaerobic Fitness

Anaerobic Fitness. Dependent upon existing energy sources in muscle (versus oxygen uptake) CP/ATP Stored carbohydrate. Anaerobic Fitness. Major ATP contributors are the Phosphogenic and Glycolytic systems, although the oxidative system does contribute. Anaerobic Fitness.

jaquelyn-albert
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Anaerobic Fitness

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  1. Anaerobic Fitness • Dependent upon existing energy sources in muscle (versus oxygen uptake) • CP/ATP • Stored carbohydrate

  2. Anaerobic Fitness • Major ATP contributors are the Phosphogenic and Glycolytic systems, although the oxidative system does contribute

  3. Anaerobic Fitness • Strength/Power fitness ( < 15 sec.) • Phosphogenic – major ATP producer • Glycolytic – moderate • Oxidative – minor • Dominant component of: • Football, baseball, basketball, soccer • Power dependent upon: • Storage capacity of CP and ATP • Rate of CP and ATP use and resynthesis • Partially dependent on glycogen stores

  4. Anaerobic Fitness • Power-endurance (less intense than power, slightly longer, 15 – 60 sec.) • 15 – 30 sec. • Phosphogenic and Glycolytic – moderate • Oxidative – minor • 30 – 60 sec. • Glycolytic – major • Oxidative – moderate • Phosphogenic – minor

  5. Anaerobic Fitness • Power-Endurance • Dominant component of: • 200, 300 m run • Primarily dependent upon: • Glycogen energy sources • ATP/CP and oxidative systems

  6. Anaerobic Fitness • Mixed-endurance (60 sec. – 2 min.) • Equally dependent upon glycolytic pathway and oxidative pathway • Relative contribution depends on intensity

  7. Power • P = work/time or F X D/time • Force = body weight or resistance • Distance • Time = time in air (force platform) or seconds

  8. Anaerobic Fitness Assessment • Power (not strength) fitness – Vertical jump, Wingate • Power-endurance fitness – Wingate • Other tests: • Horizontal power (40 yd. Sprint) • Margaria step test • Anaerobic Treadmill (mixed endurance)

  9. Vertical Jump • Jumping ability seems mostly related to high-energy phosphate stores and rate of use • Correlated with fast-twitch fiber percentage in vastus lateralis (r = .48) – may not be physiologically significant • Factors that affect the jump distance: • Countermovement • Upward Arm movement

  10. Vertical Jump (Vertec) Procedures • Markers are spaced 0.5 in apart • Red markers are every 6.0 in. • Blue markers are every 1.0 in. • White markers are every 0.5 in. • Warm –up may help; include submax jumps • Measure standing reach • For jump, position feet, don’t move, one quick countermovement and one arm swing • Three trials

  11. Wingate Testing • Peak power = highest power in any 5 sec. • Mean power = average power over entire 30 sec. (Watts) • Fatigue Index = rate of power decrease from point of peak power to end of test (%) • 0% = no decrease in power • 100% means complete decrease in power

  12. Wingate Testing • Supramaximal – power output that would require 2-4 times the VO2max • 60 – 85% of ATP from CP/ATP or glycolytic • Peak Power – first 2 – 10 seconds • Major contribution from ATP/CP • Mean power – over 30 sec. • Major contribution from glycolytic • Lactate values from 6 – 15 X resting • Significant correlation with FT fiber %

  13. Factors Affecting Wingate • Warm-up seems to improve MP • Drop in body temp. seems to decrease anaerobic performance • Motivation (reward/punishment) seems to improve performance

  14. Correlations • Vertical jump correlated with peak power (r = .70) and mean power (r = .74) from Wingate test

  15. Strength Fitness • Phosphagenic ATP system • Direct measure of dynamic strength • One repetition maximum: (maximal) weight that can be lifted one time • Indirect measure of dynamic strength • Prediction of 1-RM from a 2-20 RM

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