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H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10

H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10. Nimrod Peleg March 2003. 0101. Q. VLC. DCT. +. +. bit stream. -. Q. -1. Intra / Inter. image sequence. switch. DCT. -1. +. +. +. M.C. MEM. M.E. Encoder. 0101. Q. VLC. DCT. +. +. bit stream. -. Q. -1. Intra / Inter. image sequence. switch.

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H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10

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  1. H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10 Nimrod Peleg March 2003

  2. 0101... Q VLC DCT + + .. bit stream - Q -1 Intra / Inter image sequence switch DCT -1 + + + M.C. MEM M.E. Encoder

  3. 0101... Q VLC DCT + + .. bit stream - Q -1 Intra / Inter image sequence switch DCT -1 + + + M.C. MEM M.E. Encoder

  4. 0101... Q VLC DCT + + .. bit stream - Q -1 Intra / Inter image sequence switch DCT -1 + + + M.C. MEM M.E. Encoder

  5. 0101... Q VLC DCT + + .. bit stream - Q -1 Intra / Inter image sequence switch DCT -1 + + + M.C. MEM M.E. Encoder

  6. 0101... Q VLC DCT + + .. bit stream - Q -1 Intra / Inter image sequence switch DCT -1 + + + M.C. MEM M.E. Encoder

  7. Previous Standards

  8. H.264 Brief review • Goal • Develop a high-performance video coding standard. • Start from zero. • No backward compatibility. • Assumptions • Block based. • Software implementation. • Network friendly.

  9. Coding control Entropy Coder .. Q IDCT + + 0101... Image sequence - bit stream Q -1 Intra/Inter Switch -1 IDCT + + + Frames Store M.C. M.E. H.264 Encoder

  10. Transform • DCT like. • Integer arithmetic only. • without multiplications. • Optional use of a 4x4 transform block size.

  11. Quantization • Compounding quantization step. • Thirty-two different quantization step sizes. • The step sizes are increased at a compounding rate of approximately 12.5%. • Different quantizer for luminance, chrominance. • Two different coefficient-scanning patterns. • The simple zigzag scan. • The double scan.

  12. Frames Store • The H.264 standard offers the option of having multiple reference frames in inter picture coding. • Up to five different reference frames could be selected. • Resulting in better subjective video quality and more efficient coding of the video frame under consideration. • Using multiple reference frames might help making the H.264 bit-stream error resilient.

  13. Motion Estimation & Compensation • Motion Estimation is where H.264 makes most of its gains in coding efficiency. • Quarter pixel accurate motion compensation. • Translation only. • The standard does not determine which algorithm should be used.

  14. Different modes of dividing a macroblock for motion estimation in H.264 Motion Estimation & Compensation • Seven optional modes.

  15. Entropy Coding • H.264 has adopted two approaches for entropy coding : • Universal Variable Length Codes (UVLCs) • One table. • Context-Based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC)

  16. Intra prediction • 9 optional prediction modes for each 4x4 luma block. • 4 optional modes for a 16x16 luma block. • 4 optional prediction modes for a 8x8 chroma component. • One mode for 4x4 chroma block.

  17. Summery • Transform • IDCT • Optional use of a 4x4 transform block size. • Quantizer • step sizes are increased at a compounding rate of approximately 12.5%. • Two coefficient-scanning patterns. • Motion estimation and compensation • Translation only. • A number of different block sizes are used for motion prediction. • Quarter pixel positions are used for motion prediction.

  18. Summery • Frames store • Multiple reference frames may be used for prediction. • Entropy coding • Only one regular VLC is used for symbol coding.

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