Modul 4 MINANGKABAU & MENTAWAI ARCHITECTURE MINANGKABAU ARCHITECTURE

1. Modul 4 MINANGKABAU & MENTAWAI ARCHITECTURE MINANGKABAU ARCHITECTURE Minangkabau society is sub-divided into matrili- neal clans, which fall into two categories: „aristokratic‟ Kota Piliang and „demokratic‟ Budi Chaniago. The minang numbered close to 4 million in their home province, but at least 1 million live outside their homeland, having migrated (merantau) to other parts of Indonesia , and beyond to work and trade. The traditional house called rumah gadang (great house). In the past, rumah gadang lived up to their name: in 1871 found 100 people living in a single house in Alahan Panjang (120 x 15 metres) with 20 room (biliak). War and natural disaster have caused the destruction of many older house (earthquake, Padang panjang in 1926; WW II in 1945-1949; PRRI Rebellion in 1950) Nevertheless some old house still remain important as places of origin and as the proper site for ceremonies. http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

2. only be found here. The Budi Chaniago, the house remain level throughout. Rumah Gadang are raised one or two metres off the ground on stilts. The space beneath the living floor is often closed in with plaited bamboo panels to create a buffalo pen. The roof is thatched with ijuk palm and the pinnacle are tipped with metal finials. There are 3 type of rice barn in Minagkabau: Kapulek, Rangkiang, Balubul. Every village have balai adat. In Budi Chaniago house type do not have anjung, because the philosofi is “Duduk sama rendah, berdiri sama tinggi” Rumah Gadang are rectangular in plan, with the entrance in one of the longitudinal sides. This open into capacious hall (ruang). The place where meals are taken and social activities take place At one side of the hall, there is a raised area called anjuang. in matrili- neal Minang society, husbands live in their wives house. The anjuang is most recently married daughter of the house and the husband reside. Other married women and their spouses occupy apartement (biliak) at the other side of the house. As each girl gets married she moves into anjuang, while the other married women shift down one room toward the kithen. Ideally, the oldest women in the house should sleep in the biliak next to the kitchen. If theres no vacant biliak to accommodate her, she will move into the space called pangkalan (central post) reflecting her status as the senior matriarch. http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

3. Formerly, stone tools are used, though today these have been replaced by metal imports, obtained from Sumatra. Nevertheless, despite this simple technology, the Mentawaians are the creator of impressive long houses, called Uma. In most parts of the mentawai archipelago, modern influences have led to drastic changes in the traditionql culture, but longhouse still can be found in some region of Siberut, which is the largest island in the group. A single Uma may be home to up to a dozen families and together they constitute a discrete social unit. Each family owns a private dwelling (sapou), near their plantation, and this is where they live on a day to day basis. In other time they coming together at the uma for ritual and festive occasions In the uma, family member do not even http://www.mercubuana.ac.id