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Popular Words

Popular Words. Two-child fertility policy for couples where either the husband or the wife is from a single child family crack down on prostitution and pornography bride price figure skating team event air purifier / air filtration face masks. “单独二胎”政策  打击色情业即“扫黄”  彩礼 花样滑冰团体赛

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Popular Words

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  1. Popular Words • Two-child fertility policy for couples where either the husband or the wife is from a single child family • crack down on prostitution and pornography • bride price • figure skating team event • air purifier / air filtration face masks • “单独二胎”政策  • 打击色情业即“扫黄”  • 彩礼 • 花样滑冰团体赛 • 空气净化器 /空气过滤口罩

  2. shortening the school system • president's set meal • Shanghai pilot free trade zone • Raising the retirement age in progressive steps • parents/ families who have lost their only child • Immigrant Investor Program • barreled water / water cooler • 缩短学制 • 习总套餐 • 上海自由贸易试验区 • 渐进式延迟退休年龄 • 失独家庭 • 投资移民计划 • 桶装水/饮水机

  3. Unit One Text I：Never Give in. Never, Never, Never

  4. Winston Churchill (1874 -1965) was a British Conservative politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during World War II. Widely regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders of the century, he served as Prime Minister twice (1940 and 1951).

  5. the first person to have been recognized as an honorary citizen of the United States orator writer statesman artist historian the only British prime minister to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature

  6. Harrow School (哈罗公学 ) an English independent school for boys situated in the town of Harrow, in north-west London. It is widely considered one of the best secondary schools in the world along with its famous rival Eton. Churchill is one of the famous alumni.

  7. World War II World War II was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world’s nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. Britain played a very important role in WW II.

  8. The Battle of Britain

  9. Germany advances through Europe September 1939 - May 1940

  10. Churchill becomes Prime Minister 10 May 1940

  11. Britain retreats from France 26 May - 4 June 1940

  12. Churchill decides to fight on May 1940

  13. Hitler plans the invasion of Britain July 1940

  14. Germany bombs British towns and cities July - August 1940

  15. Germany bombs British coastal airfields 11 July -18 August 1940

  16. Germany attacks RAF Fighter Command 24 August - 4 September 1940

  17. Germany bombs London 7-15 September 1940

  18. Hitler postpones the invasion of Britain 17 September 1940

  19. This text is an inspiring speech made by Winston Churchill, Great Britain’s then Prime Minister, when he visited Harrow School on 29 October, 1941. The whole speech can be divided into three parts. Part I:(Paragraph 1): Some opening remarks, in which Churchill summarized the events that had happened since his last visit to Harrow. Part II:(Paragraphs 2 — 5): The body of the speech, in which Churchill drew the lessons to be learned from the past year.

  20. Part III:(Paragraphs 6 — 8): The concluding part, in which, by changing a word in the additional verse of the school song, Churchill expressed his conviction that the entire nation was blessed with the chance to display its courage to the full in what was, as he elsewhere put it, its finest hour.

  21. Part I (Paragraph 1): Some opening remarks, in which Churchill summarized the events that had happened since his last visit to Harrow.

  22. Language Points: • 1. catastrophic a. of, relating to , or involving a catastrophe 大灾难的，灾难的、与灾难有关的 a catastrophic illness > catastrophe n. • Syn.：accident, calamity, disaster, misfortune, tragedy, cataclysm.

  23. 2. misfortune n. • 1) [U] bad luck 不幸; 厄运: e.g. suffer great misfortune 2) [C] unfortunate condition, accident or event 不幸事故; 灾难; 灾祸: e.g. She bore her misfortunes bravely. > syn.: adversity, mishap, mischance

  24. 3. desperately adv.拼命地, 绝望地, 极严重地 • 1) in a desperate way • e.g. The doctors tried desperately to save her life. • 2) very or very much • e.g. The crops desperately need rain. • > desperation n.

  25. 4. menace n. • 1). [U] threatening quality, tone, feeling, etc 威胁; 恐吓: • e.g. a film that creates an atmosphere of menace • 2) [sing] ~ (to sb/sth) person or thing that threatens 进行威胁的人或事物 • e.g. These weapons are a menace (to world peace).

  26. 5. lull n. & v. • 1)n (usu sing) interval of quiet or inactivity 间歇; 稍息; 稍止 • e.g. a lull before the storm, in the conversation, during the battle • 2) v. [Tn] ~ sb/sth (to sth) make (a person or an animal) quiet or less active; soothe sb/sth 使（人或动物）安静, 活动减弱 • e.g. lull a baby to sleep

  27. Questions • What was Churchill's intention of singing some of their songs? 2) Why did Churchill use ill-favored words such as ups and downsand misfortunes when talking about the menace of the enemy?

  28. Part II (Paragraphs 2 — 5): The body of the speech, in which Churchill drew the lessons to be learned from the past year.

  29. 6. deceptiveadjlikely to deceive; misleading骗人的; 导致误解的 • e.g. Appearances are often deceptive. • > deception n.欺骗 deceive v.欺骗

  30. 7. triumphn.[U] (joy or satisfaction at) being successful or victorious 成功或胜利（的喜悦或满足） • > triumphv. 获得成功或胜利 • triumphant a.showing pleasure and pride because of a victory or success胜利的；洋洋得意的: triumphantlook/smile/expression etc. • triumphal a.done or made to celebrate a victory凯旋的, 庆祝胜利的: a triumphal procession; a triumphal arch

  31. 8. impostor n.someone who pretends to be someone else in order to trick people冒名顶替的人（通常为行骗）. • e.g. The nurse was soon discovered to be an impostor. • 9. far-reaching adj having a great influence or effect深远的 • e.g. far-reaching implications / impact / effects

  32. 10. petty adj. • 1) small or trivial; unimportant 小的; 琐碎的; 不重要的:petty details, queries, regulations, troubles • 2) having or showing a small mind; mean 狭隘的; 器量小的; 小气的: petty and childish behavior * petty about money • > pettinessn

  33. 11. conviction n. • 1) [U, C] ~ (that...) firm opinion or belief 坚定的看法或信仰: It's my conviction (ie I firmly believe) that complacency is at the root of our troubles. • 2) ~ (for sth) [U] the convicting of a person for a crime 定罪; 科刑: an offence which carries, on conviction, a sentence of not more than five years' imprisonment • >convict vt.证明…有罪，宣判…有罪 n.囚犯

  34. 12. overwhelming adj.势不可挡的，压倒的；巨大的 • 1) having such a great effect on you that you feel confused and do not know how to react • e.g. She felt an overwhelming desire to hit him. • 2) very large or greater, more important etc than any other • e.g. An overwhelming majority of the members were against the idea. • ---- overwhelm vt. 使受不了，使不知所措；征服，制服

  35. 13. might n. great strength or power 力气; 力量; 威力; 权力: I pushed the rock with all my might. • (idm) might is right强权就是公理. • > mighty a.

  36. 14. liquidate v. • 1) get rid of (sb), esp by killing清除（某人）（尤指杀掉）: liquidated his political opponents • 2) pay or settle (a debt) 清偿或结算（债务）. • > liquidationn 清算; 清除 • liquidator n公司债务清算人

  37. 15. sponge n. • 1) [C] piece of absorbent material, eg gauze, used in surgery （外科用的）吸水物（如纱布）. • 2) [C, U] a piece of a soft natural or artificial substance full of small holes, which can suck up liquid and is used for washing海绵, 海绵状物 • > sponge v.用湿海绵(或布)擦 • spongy adj海绵似的

  38. 16. slate n. [U] type of blue-grey rock that splits easily into thin flat layers 板岩; 石板: a slate roof • 17. stand in the gap: • stand out and fight back 首当其冲，独挡难局

  39. 18. flinchv 1) [I] move or draw back suddenly, from shock, fear or pain 畏缩或退缩: • E.g. He listened to the jeers of the crowd without flinching. • 2) [Ipr] ~ from sth/from doing sth avoid thinking about or doing sth unpleasant 不想或不做某种不愉快的事: • E.g. We shall never flinch from (the task of) telling the people the whole truth. • > unflinchingadj.坚定的, 不屈不挠的

  40. 19. persevere v [I, Ipr] ~ (at/in/with sth);continue trying to do sth, esp in spite of difficulty 坚持做某事（尤指不畏困难）: • E.g. She persevered in her efforts to win the championship. • > perseverancen[U] 坚持不懈; 不屈不挠 perseveringadj坚持的; 不屈不挠的

  41. Questions: 3) What did Churchill mean by saying "we must learn to be equally good at what is short and sharp and what is long and tough"? 4) Why did Churchill quote Kipling as saying "treat those two impostors just the same"? 5) What lesson had they learnt? 6) Why did Churchill say the mood was different?

  42. Part III (Paragraphs 6 — 8): The concluding part, in which, by changing a word in the additional verse of the school song, Churchill expressed his conviction that the entire nation was blessed with the chance to display its courage to the full in what was, as he elsewhere put it, its finest hour.

  43. 20. compliment v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (on sth) express praise or admiration of sb 对…表示赞美或敬佩: • E.g. I complimented her on her skilful performance. • > compliment n. [C] ~ (on sth)赞美﹑敬佩 • complimentarya. 称赞的 • 辨： complement / implement

  44. 21. venture v.[Tn, Tt] to say or do something in an uncertain way because you are afraid it is wrong or will seem stupid敢说; 敢做; 冒险 • venture to do sth / that • venture an opinion/question/word etc> venturen. 风险投资

  45. 22. stern adj • 1) severe and strict 严酷的; 严峻的: Police are planning sterner measures to combat crime. • 2) serious and grim, not kind or cheerful; expecting to be obeyed 严肃的; 严厉的: a stern face, expression, look, etc • > stern n.船尾; 尾部 sternnessn [U] • 23. station n.[C] (dated or fml) social position; rank; status 社会地位; 等级; 身分: people in all stations of life

  46. Questions: 7) Why did Churchill replace the word "darker" with "sterner"?

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