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40 Gallon challenge

40 Gallon challenge . and other tools for programming. Kerry Smith, HG Team Co-leader . Conservation = Efficiency. Optimize use of current supplies If save 40 gal/day = ~1000 gal/ mth Significant amount to show dollar value $2/ 1000 gal average cost of water in Alabama

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40 Gallon challenge

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  1. 40 Gallon challenge and other tools for programming Kerry Smith, HG Team Co-leader

  2. Conservation = Efficiency Optimize use of current supplies If save 40 gal/day = ~1000 gal/mth • Significant amount to show dollar value • $2/1000 galaverage cost of water in Alabama • 80 – 100 gal/day/person (avg national usage) • 9,000 – 12,000 gal/month, family of 4 • Old toilet used 7 gal/flush new = 2 gal or less • Old shower head used 5 – 8 gal/min new = 2.5 gal or less • Old clothes washer used 40 gal new = 18 – 25 gal Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  3. Wasted Resources • Example: Replace old shower head = save 20 g/day 600 g/mth Equiv to extra 10 min shower/day (2 GPM) • Also 120 kWh heat 600 gal water = $12.50/month operate hot water heater for 30 showers Water + energy $1.20 + $12.50 = $13.70/mth • Make people aware of the cost of resources used Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  4. Messaging ASY Help the consumer – find tools that reduce the barriers preventing change 40 Gallon Challenge – one tool • Adds to your ASY programs • Seeing is believing – show a utility bill • A tool for teaching ASY priniciples Other ideas ……… • Find partners with similar goals – strength in number & we all win • Hands-on & demonstration – more likely to implement at home • Resources – easy to find tools…. (more web materials in dev) Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  5. Other Tools for You Water Conservation webinars • http://www.fred.ifas.ufl.edu/conservation-webinars/ • Great ideas – new research – innovative partners – etc, etc • Recorded sessions • Multiple states represented • BIG message – save potable water for critical uses Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  6. Other ‘Smart Yard’ programs Florida Yards and Neighborhoods first Jan 18, Yards & Neighborhoods Programs http://www.fred.ifas.ufl.edu/conservation-webinars/FFL.htm • Florida Y&N (Florida Friendly) • Carolina Y&N • Tennessee Y&N • (others: LA, GA, NC, AL) Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  7. Irrigation Can Save Water Feb 8, Water Efficient Irrigation Tech http://www.fred.ifas.ufl.edu/conservation-webinars/Irrigation.htm Estimate - highest residential consumption is outdoors • Outdoor water use = 40% - 60%(national averages) • Outdoor use & inefficiency - a negative offset of indoor efficiency • More landscapes are killed/damaged by overwatering than by drought Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  8. What Homeowners Think • AshevilleNCto ColumbiaSC – 1400 respondents said should irrigate lawn 2 – 3 days per week • JacksonvilleFL metro – avg irrigated 70” per year – Extension recommendations, needed <30” per year • Multiple studies in FL – homeowners use ½+ of total household water in irrigation – over irrigate – don’t know how to adjust their irrigation system/timer (or afraid to) – HOA covenants describe appearance, and do not base requirements on research recommendations Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  9. What Homeowners Think • Another FL study – “set it and forget it” (all 12 mths or seasonally) • ..... “don’t want to take time to learn all this” • …. Those with smaller irrigated turf areas = more interested in additional water conservation practices; those with large irrigated turf areas = are not • …. Interested in having a RB = interested in learning other saving behaviors • Take home message: • HOA’s and homeowners are ignorant of real needs & consumptions • Be careful placing blame – a complex issue Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  10. Irrigation Technologies • They all need/want a tool to make it easier • Shut-off devices activated by rainfall • Rain sensors – leather discs swell and switch system off • Cost $15 to $45 • Reduce irrigation 10 to 35% • Improved programming and system controllers • Combination – RS and ET formulas • Savings vary but minimum est 10 to 15% • Cost for residential system ranges from $50 to $250 • http://www.slideshare.net/unlautahgreen/michael-dukes-irrigation Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  11. Irrigation Technologies • Soil moisture probes and sensors • Saves up to 50% of water used outdoors – (projects in J’ville FL showed much higher savings, 70 – 90%) • Moisture sensors and tensiometers cost $35 to $125 • Gypsum blocks (replaced every 2 yrs) cost $5 to $10 • Meter to read them costs $150 - $250 (total system = $200 to $300) • (Vickers A. 2001. Handbook of Water Use and Conservation. WaterPlow Press, Amherst, Massachusetts.) • Micro-irrigation • Shifting 65% of traditional in-ground sprinklers to micro = 50% reduction is water used Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  12. More Irrigation Research …… • http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/go_irrigation/ Gary Grabow, NCSU • http://www.abe.ufl.edu/mdukes/ Mike Dukes • Water Sense http://www.epa.gov/watersense • http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/stormwater/pubs.htm Water harvesting and more • Managing irrigation - potentially strongest influence to decreasing residential consumption Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  13. Smart Turf May 3, Turfgrass BMP’s http://www.fred.ifas.ufl.edu/conservation-webinars/Turf.htm Smaller total area Drought tolerant • Bermuda! • Zoysia • St Augustine • No matter the selection – it’s all about MANAGEMENT Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  14. An On-site Resource • Collecting RW • Reduces storm water impacts – barrel/cistern or rain garden • Contains a resource for later use (easiest is irrigation & potential affects largest portion “wasted”) • Decreases the water/energy footprint • Reserves potable, utility water for necessary uses • March 1, Rain Water Harvesting & Water Re-use • http://www.fred.ifas.ufl.edu/conservation-webinars/Reuse.htm • What’s the benefit? • 100 ft2 roof area + 1” rain = 60+ gallons water • What’s the cost? • 5hp pump = 28 amps & 230 volts • Cost = ~64₵/hour @ 10₵/kWh • Timer cost less to operate Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  15. Rain Water Harvesting • RWH Legislation - Florida, Georgia, North Carolina have it • National codes for plumbing • ICC-IGCC – International Construction Code • IAPMO – International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials • http://www.tampabaywater.org/documents/conservation/RWH_guide_10-28-09.pdf - a workshop model • http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/stormwater/PublicationFiles/RooftopRunoff2009.pdf - safety of rooftop runoff Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  16. Graywater in Alabama ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH BUREAU OF ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION OF COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ADMINISTRATIVE CODE – CHAPTER 420-3-1 ONSITE SEWAGE DISPOSAL • In the absence of water under pressure, graywater shall be disposed of by an effluent disposal field (EDF) pipe a minimum of 50 linear feet per dwelling. The EDF pipe shall not be installed closer than 50 feet from any surface water of the state. • Graywater -- that portion of domestic sewage generated by a water-using fixture or appliance, excluding toilet and food preparation waste. Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  17. Tools that Promote ASY • Equate cost of water to cost electricity • Compare old appliances to new – water usage • Talk gallons per minute • New irrigation technologies • Soil prep and other bmp’s • Rain water harvesting • Other on-site resources • Etc, etc Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  18. Tools that Promote ASY Develop a quality local program Quality programs have: • A clear objective • Show valuable benefits • Know the target group • Decrease barriers for the target group Collect tools that remove barriers • 40 Gallon Challenge is one tool • Water Webinars from IFAS • Demo’s are a tool – seeing is believing Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  19. Water Budgets efficient use stretches the resource Kerry Smith, HG Team Co-leader

  20. Irrigation Budgets • Fewer high-need zones & • More low-need zones • Goal - reduce potable water used in landscape irrigation • EPA Water Sense - proposing acceptable water budgets per household (# gal/ft2 of planting) • Smaller turf areas and less total turf • Right plant, right place Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  21. EPA Water Budget • Water Sense – rec’s for landscape use, released Dec ‘09 • Irrigation is considered as supplemental • Recommending 70% of baseline • Baseline = ETo x ft2 x Cu x 0.7 • 6.53(ETo) x 5000 ft2 x 0.6233 gal/month (conversion factor) x 70% = ~14,000 gal/mth during peak months • http://www.epa.gov/watersense/nhspecs/homes_final.html • Calculator and references Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  22. EPA Water Budget • ~1,700 ft2 of turf • 6.53 x 1700 x 0.62 = ~6,888 gal • 6,888 x 70% = ~4,800 g/mth (during peak months) • Recommendation is for established landscape • Recommendation might be LESS in SE** Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  23. Energy – Water Connection • WATER is used for: • Cooling thermoE systems • Hydropower generation • Mining • Fuel production/refinement • Emission controls • ENERGY is used for: • Pumping water • Transporting water • Treating water • Re-treating water • End-use for consumer** Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  24. Energy – Water Connection • Who knew??? • Water Utilities’ avg energy cost = 11% operating budget (national avg, AWWA Research Fdtn, 2004) • Higher water demand = higher energy demand (SE) • Which is cheaper – ground or surface water? • Surface = up to 2x more costly (due $$ of electricity/chemicals to treat) April 12, Water & Energy: Can we Conserve Both? • http://www.fred.ifas.ufl.edu/conservation-webinars/Energy.htm Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  25. The Cost of Water? • Alabama avgwater = $2/1000 g/mth(increases expected, urban much higher) avgelectricity = 10.4 ₵/kWh (comparable to other SE) • 65% from surface water • 83% of total for thermo-electric usage • domestic use = 80 g/d/person • Georgia avg water cost = $4.20/1000 avg electricity = 9.8 ₵/kWh • 78% from surface water • 50% of total for thermo-electric usage • domestic use = 93 g/d/person • See www.pubs.usgs.gov • http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/ Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  26. The Necessity of Water 2005 USGS - Alabama • 83% total fresh w/drawals used for thermoelectric • Remove this amt – residential use accounts for ~50% of the rest 2006 Dept of Energy report • estimated “in ….. 2000, thermoelectric power generation [coal, nuclear, natural gas] accounted for 39% of all freshwater withdrawals in the U.S., roughly equivalent to water withdrawals for irrigated agriculture.” Alabama 2005 Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  27. The Value of Water? We use it ..….. for everything • Electricity – generation, cooling • Food – row crops, cattle, fish • Basic human need • Waste treatment • Timber – crop, industry • Industry – many and various • Recreation • Aesthetic landscapes Which makes a stronger point – cost/value? It’s a complex issue …. • March 22, Household Behavior & Education Strategies http://www.fred.ifas.ufl.edu/conservation-webinars/Homeowner.htm Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  28. Projected Growth • We aren’t FL ….. Yet • Predict future? - all we can do is watch trends in other locations • Projected growth change 2000 – 2020 • Florida = 80% • Georgia = 47% • Tennessee = 30% • Alabama = 10% • (Based on 2004 US census trends projected thru 2030) • We continue to divide the pie into smaller slices • http://www.nrel.gov/analysis/workshops/water_connect_workshop.html Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

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  30. Getting More Water? • Efficiency = cheapest way to increase water supply • We can’t make more (not economically) • Reduce peak demand periods = reduce costs associated • Dual benefits – “save” water, “save” energy • Moderate peaks more sustainability (cost = liability) • Decreases capital investment costs for Utility Co • Per each 1 mgd saved = $10 mil in cost deferment (and saves $5 mil in annual interest for same loan) • Decrease energy and chemical costs for treatment & delivery – Utility Co Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  31. A Marketing Campaign • Product • Sell the new behavior & contrast to current behavior • Price • Identify the social, emotional and $$ costs that will be exchanged for the benefit offered • Place • where is the target behavior is practiced • Promotion • the activities used to facilitate the exchange including promotional materials, advertising, and spokespersons • March 22, Household Behavior & Education Strategies http://www.fred.ifas.ufl.edu/conservation-webinars/Homeowner.htm Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  32. Marketing 40 Gallon Challenge • Product – sell new behavior & contrast to current • 40 Gallon Challenge – water “saving” from each behavior change • Price – ID costs & benefits offered • 40 Gallon Challenge – gallons wasted by current behavior • Need more benefits? – our role to describe/quantify them • “More plants die from over water than drought” • Place – where the target behavior is practiced • 40 Gallon Challenge is easy – pledge/act from home • Promotion – facilitate new behavior with promo materials, advertising, and spokespersons • 40 Gallon Challenge – website, ASY, demo’s, MG’s, other partners, etc Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  33. Marketing Smart Yards • Clear objective = increase ldsp success & decrease inputs ???? • Valuable benefit = landscape success, partners to assist ? • Target group = homeowners in Alabama ???? • Decrease barriers = make it “easy” (lists, demo’s, hands-on, etc???) Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  34. Knowing the Client • Handicaps to messaging • It’s all the same water, BUT the pie is divided into smaller slices • It’s cheap in Alabama – look around – cost rising • Awareness is seasonal – “Why collect? It’s raining.” • It’s not just the total volume – it’s about efficient use • Ignorance – don’t know how much they actually use • Should we simplify message? • Can we remove barriers? • Check list for seasonal irrigation clock maintenance? • Plant list of attractive low water use plants? • Affect of “good” soil prep & how prep? Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

  35. Will They Change?? Eve’s session today & examples from IFAS webinar • http://www.fred.ifas.ufl.edu/conservation-webinars/Eval.htm What’s the purpose of our educational campaign? • To create an educated public • Affect client behavior & document results • Be aware of present examples in surrounding states • We can affect the future of Alabama’s water resources • Not by what our neighbors demand • But by our own pro-active actions & planning Beyond Rain Barrels - Agent Training 2011

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