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Detection of exobiology signatures at high dynamic range

Detection of exobiology signatures at high dynamic range. E. L. Martín (CAB). Direct Imaging of exoplanets and brown dwarfs. 3/6. Formation theories:. Gravitational Instability Sequential accretion:. 4/16. Extrasolar Planet Phase Space. Extrasolar Planet Phase Space.

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Detection of exobiology signatures at high dynamic range

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  1. Detection of exobiology signatures at high dynamic range • E. L. Martín (CAB)

  2. Direct Imaging of exoplanets and brown dwarfs 3/6

  3. Formation theories: Gravitational Instability Sequential accretion: 4/16

  4. Extrasolar Planet Phase Space Extrasolar Planet Phase Space Current harvest of ~350 planets (RV): empirical constraints on planetary system formation. Jupiter & Neptune appear to be the tip of the “planetary iceberg.” Simulations from Ida & Lin

  5. Prediction on the habitable planets From Doug Lin Barrier & enhancement Barrier without enhancement No snow line barrier Needs to calibrate the efficiency of type I migration 14/16

  6. Frequency of Earth Hot Neptunes around M dwarfs (Ida) Gaudi 15/16

  7. How Will We Know A Planet Supports Life? Look for evidence of oxygen Look for liquid water Look for signs of biological activity (methane) Analyze the reflected light from the planet to see if the planet has an atmosphere And Rule Out Other Explanations? 17

  8. Continuous habitable zone => Habplanets 10 mas 100 mas

  9. FI L. Kaltenegger

  10. TPF-C TPF-I ≈1010 ≈107 Terrestrial Planet Finder (Darwin/TPF) Visible or thermal-IR? • Contrast ratio is 1010 in the visible vs. 107 in the thermal-IR 108 in the UV? • Required aperture is ~2 m in the visible vs. 80 m baseline in the IR

  11. Visible Spectrum of Earth Integrated light of Earth, reflected from dark side of moon; Rayleigh, chlorophyll, O2, O3, H2O. Woolf, Smith, Traub, & Jucks, ApJ 2002; also Arnold et al. 2002

  12. Bloody moon tells how to characterize habplanets

  13. W. Shakespeare "The moon looks bloody on the earth" [Welsh Captain to the Earl of Salisbury, listing the dread omens that foretell "the death or fall of kings".]

  14. Earth’s visible and near-infrared transmission and reflection spectra. E Pallé et al.Nature459, 814-816 (2009) doi:10.1038/nature08050

  15. Summary: FI may have a niche in UV characterization of habplanets if it achieves contrast of 10-8 in the UV at angular sep. 10 to 100 mas. This science case could be a driver for setting a goal for the size of the mask. UV range could give clues on origin of water on habplanets UV will provide information about size of dust particles in the atmospheres

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