Walter L. Warnick, Ph. D. Director Office of Scientific and Technical Information

1. Narrowing the Digital Divide in Maghreb: WorldWideScience.org Walter L. Warnick, Ph. D. DirectorOffice of Scientific and Technical Information U.S. Department of Energy

2. WorldWideScience.org is: • a global science gateway to the R&D findings published by, or on behalf of, 70 countries • -- Includes several Maghreb countries • All open access, free to all users • Enormous quantity of science searched • -- Comparable in size to Google • Great bulk of World Wide Science resources are non-Googleable

3. WorldWideScience – Facts and Figures • Tremendous growth in coverage: from 10 nations to 70 nations in 3 years • > 400 million pages • From well-known sources: e.g., UK PubMed Central, CERN, KoreaScience • To more obscure sources: e.g., Bangladesh Journals Online

4. Maghreb

5. The “Accelerating” Power of WorldWideScience.org • Overcoming the searcher’s practical limitations: • Not knowing “what’s out there.” (examples: Korean medical journals, Australian Antarctic data, South African scientific research database) • Inadequate time to search scientific databases one by one. (examples: UK PubMed Central, Ginsparg’s arXiv.org) • Inability to sort compiled results by relevance. • By filling these gaps, WorldWideScience.org has accelerated access to scientific information.

6. WorldWideScience – Fills Key Niche in Scientific Discovery • In comparison of search results from identical queries on WWS, Google, and Google Scholar, only 3.5% overlap (i.e., WorldWideScience is 96.5% unique) • Everything searched by WorldWideScience has been vetted by, or on behalf of, a national government 96.5%“Unique” Accelerated access  Accelerated discovery: the case for WorldWideScience.org

7. Enabled by a Special Web Architecture • A single user query simultaneously sent to multiple deep web databases and hits returned to Federated search server • Federated search engine sorts and presents results in relevance-ranked order. • Overcomes the 3 practical limitations. • No burden on individual database owners

8. To further accelerate access to science, multilingual translations are needed in both directions: • Translation of English content for non-English speakers . . . and . . . • Translation of non-English content for English speakers

9. Languages handled by WorldWideScience.org • Chinese • English • French • German • Japanese • Korean • Portuguese • Russian • Spanish • Arabic is scheduled to be added in 2011

10. China

11. Russia

12. With the launch of Multilingual WorldWideScience.org, we have . . . • Opened vast reservoirs of heretofore under-utilized scientific knowledge to Maghreb and the rest of the world. • Provided equal access to science for anyone on the Internet • Promoted scientific collaboration, participation, and transparency . . . and we are accelerating scientific discovery!

13. WorldWideScience • Supported financially by all the major U.S. R&D agencies and by 8 other countries • Operated by U.S. Department of Energy • Governed by international WorldWideScience Alliance • Chaired by Great Britain and Canada • Under umbrella of the International Council for Scientific and Technical Information (ICSTI)

14. WorldWideScience.org needs to be called to the attention of science-attentive citizens of Maghreb WorldWideScience.org can be the science component of digital libraries in Maghreb