Historical Artistic Movements

1. HistoricalArtistic Movements 1800’s - Present

2. Objectives • Identify some of the most popular Western art movements of the past several centuries • Chose an inspirational art movement upon which to base a dream room design • Use design features in the dream room that reflect characteristics of chosen art movement

3. What is an Artistic Movement? • Definition- A group of artists who agree on general principles • Historians and art critics have categorized artwork into different “movements” based on the style and time period it was created in

4. What is an Artistic Movement? • Throughout our history, artists have come together and created work that reflects the time period they were living in • Each new art movement was usually born out of a revolt of previous movements and ideas. Artists were always pushing the boundaries of what was considered acceptable. They were always rebellious!

5. What is an Artistic Movement? • Analogy: Art Movements are like styles and trends in fashion • Every few years, people rebel against the norm, and new trends emerge that remain grounded in a certain time period • However, multiple styles can exist at once (i.e. punk, preppy, hipster, classic, etc.)

6. Romanticism (1800 – 1880) • Started in France and Britain • It’s an emotional style that is individualistic, beautiful, exotic, and emotionally wrought • Artists: Francisco Goya, William Blake, JMW Turner, Eugene Delacroix

7. Romanticism (1800 – 1880)

8. Hudson River School (1825 – 1885) • Started in America in the Hudson River Valley • Landscape painters were influenced by Romanticism • Artists: Thomas Cole, Charles Baker, Albert Bierstadt

9. Hudson River School (1825 – 1885)

10. Realism (1850 – 1870) • Began in France as a revolt against the exotic subject matter and exaggerated emotionalism and drama of the Romantic movement • Artists sought to portray real and typical contemporary people and situations with truth and accuracy • Artists: GustaveCourbet,Jean-Francois Millet, EdouardManet

11. Realism (1850 – 1870)

12. Impressionism (1867 – 1886) • Began in Paris • Paintings of outdoors scenes had loose brush strokes and bright colors • Artists: Claude Monet,Camille Pissarro,Pierre-Auguste Renoir,Edgar Degas,John Singer Sargent

13. Impressionism (1867 – 1886)

14. Post-Impressionism (1880 – 1920) • French artists extended Impressionism while rejecting its limitations • Used vivid colors and brush strokes, but distorted form for expressive effect, and used unnatural or arbitrary colors • Artists: Georges Seurat,Paul Cezanne,Vincent Van Gogh,Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec,Paul Gauguin

15. Post-Impressionism (1880 – 1920)

16. Fauvism / Expressionism (1900 – 1925) • Began in Germany at the turn of the 20th century • The artist evoked emotion through distortion, exaggeration, primitivism, fantasy, and non-naturalistic and exuberant colors • Artists: Henri Matisse, Edvard Munch,Ernst Ludwig Kirchner,Amedeo Modigliani,Max Beckmann

17. Fauvism / Expressionism (1900 – 1925)

18. Early Modernism (1890 – 1910) • Took Europe by storm at the turn of the century • As a rejection of all previous traditions, art is broken down into its most simple elements (line, shape, space, etc.) • Artists: Piet Mondrian,Mark Rothko

19. Early Modernism (1890 – 1910)

20. Cubism (1908– 1914) • Began in Paris by Picasso and Braque • Cubists broke from centuries of tradition in their paintings by rejecting the single viewpoint • Artists: Georges Braque, Pablo Picasso, Juan Gris, Paul Klee, Marc Chagall, Marcel Duchamp

21. Cubism (1908– 1914)

22. Futurism (1909– 1944) • Began in Italy • Glorified themes in painting and sculpture associated with the future, including speed, technology, youth and violence, and objects such as the car, the airplane, and the industrial city • Artists: GiacomoBalla,Umberto Boccioni

23. Futurism (1909– 1944)

24. Surrealism (1920s– 1930s) • Began in Paris, and emerged from Dadaism • Dedicated to expressing the imagination as revealed in dreams, artists painted unnerving, illogical scenes and created strange creatures from everyday objects • Artists: Salvador Dali,Rene Magritte, Max Earnst, MC Escher, FridaKahlo

25. Surrealism (1920s– 1930s)

26. Harlem Renaissance (1920s– 1930s) • Also known as the “New Negro Movement,” began in Harlem, NY • An African-American movement depicting daily life in Harlem • Artists: Jacob Lawrence, Romare Bearden

27. Harlem Renaissance (1920s– 1930s)

28. Abstract Expressionism (1940 – 1960s) • Started in NY, post WWII • Aimed at subjective emotional expression with a particular emphasis on the creative spontaneous act (like action painting) • Artists: Wassily Kandinsky, Jackson Pollock,Willem De Kooning,Francis Bacon

29. Abstract Expressionism (1940 – 1960s)

30. Pop Art (1950s – 1960s) • Started Britain in the 1950s, and the U.S. in the 1960s • Mocks popular culture by using everyday items, like Campbell’s Soup Cans and advertisements in artwork • Artists: Roy Lichtenstein, Andy Warhol, Claus Oldenburg

31. Pop Art (1950s – 1960s)

32. Op Art (1960s) • Began in different places when certain artists started experimenting with illusions • Called “Optical” Art, this genre makes use of optical illusions in artwork • Artists: Bridget Riley, Victor Vasarely

33. Op Art (1960s)

34. Postmodernism (1960s - Present) • Born out of cultural revolutions in the 1960s worldwide • It’s a rejection of the norm; a more eclectic and populist approach to creativity. ANYTHING can be considered ‘art’ • Artists: Keith Haring, Fernando Botero, Damien Hirst,Kara Walker, Jasper Johns

35. Post-Modernism (1960s - Present)

36. Movements From Other Cultures • These were just the most well-known Western Art Movements from 1800-Present • Other cultures have their own history of art creation (Folk Art, African Art, Japanese Art, Aboriginal Art, etc.) • You may choose to research one non-Western Art movement, if you feel strongly about doing so