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European Artistic Movements. 1700 - 2000. Romanticism : 18 th – 19 th Centuries. Artists broke with tradition Emphasized Nature, the Middle Ages, heroes and faraway places Britain – Critical of Industrialization France – Glorified man and liberty
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European Artistic Movements 1700 - 2000
Romanticism : 18th – 19th Centuries • Artists broke with tradition • Emphasized Nature, the Middle Ages, heroes and faraway places • Britain – Critical of Industrialization • France – Glorified man and liberty • Germany – promoted national unification • Spain – reaction against Napoleon
John Constable (1776-1837) “Study of Trees”
Realism – 19th Century • Response to Romanticism’s “flights of fancy” • Ordinary people doing daily tasks • Life the way it was – reflective of: • Karl Marx • Otto von Bismarck
Francois Millet (1814 – 1875) “The Gleaners”
Impressionism • Inspired by Spanish paintings and Japanese Art • Portrayed what the eye could see with a glance • Invention of Camera eliminated need for realistic Art • Life in the Age of Materialism
Claude Monet (1840 – 1926) Water Lilies
Postimpressionism • A move beyond Impressionism • Emphasized real aspects of life • Explored psychological effects • Artists sought refuge in escapism and nature • Paul Gauguin – fled to Tahiti to reconcile problems created by urban culture and human nature
Vincent van Gogh (1853 – 1890) “Potato Eaters”
Expressionism • Subordinates everything to the expression of emotion • Reaction to the World War I and Rise of Dictators • Need to express emotion in face of nationalism, international conflicts and militarism
Henri Matisse (1869 – 1954) “The Joy of Life”