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Presidential Powers and Roles

Presidential Powers and Roles . Chapter 9, Sections 1-2. Presidential Roles Political Cartoon . Create a political cartoon that represents each of the roles the present. Constitutional Powers. Executive is needed to carry out laws and respond quickly to needs

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Presidential Powers and Roles

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  1. Presidential Powers and Roles Chapter 9, Sections 1-2

  2. Presidential Roles Political Cartoon • Create a political cartoon that represents each of the roles the present

  3. Constitutional Powers • Executive is needed to carry out laws and respond quickly to needs • Founding fathers create strong executive to • Protect liberty and private property • Hold legislative branch in check • Pres. Powers in Article II of the Constitution • Commander in chief – national security • Head of executive branch – appoints heads of depts. • Chief Executive – foreign policy, treaties, appoint ambassadors • Judicial Powers – appoint fed. Judges pardon people • Chief Legislator – ensures laws are faithfully executed

  4. Informal Sources of Power • Personal Exercise of Power • Each pres. Defines office in own ways • Example: Jefferson’s purchase of Louisiana Territory • Immediate Needs of the Nation • Pres. Exercise more power in times of crisis • Example: Lincoln during Civil War • Suspended writ of habeas corpus • Raised army before congress’s approval • Illegally blockades Southern ports • Mandate of the People • Mandate – strong popular support for actions • Pres. Uses media to gain popular support for their policies • Media provides forum or space for discussion

  5. Limits on Presidential Power • Limitation by Congress • Congressional Override of veto • Confirmation power of Senate • Power of the purse • Impeachment • Limitation by Fed. Courts • Fed. Court can rule legislation unconstitutional • Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company v. Sawyer • Rules that Pres. can’t take over congressional powers when congress fails to act • Limitation by Bureaucracy • Bureaucrats can fail to provide info, misinterpret instructions, neglect tasks • Limitation by Public Opinion • Fail to re-elect pres. Who disregards public opinion

  6. Role: Head of State • Represents nation • Performs ceremonial roles • Example: hosts visiting dignitaries • Head of state ad chief executive are different people in other counties • Example: England • Pres. Is symbol of the US

  7. Role: Chief Executive • Tools of Influence • Executive Orders – rules that have the force of law • Presidential appointments and remove officials • Impoundment – Pres. Refuses to spend $ congress has appropriated • Reprieves and Pardons • Reprieve – postpone legal punishment • Pardon – release from legal punishment • Amnesty • Group pardon to people for offense against govt.

  8. Role: Chief Legislator • Propose legislation to congress • President’s Legislative Program • Describes program in state of the union address • Pres. Has large staff to write legislation • Tools of Presidential Lawmaking • Hand out political favors • Veto power

  9. Role: Economic Planner • Employment Act of 1946 gives pres. New powers • Pres. Gives annual economic report to congress • Created Council of Economic Advisors – studies economy to help prepare the report • Fed. Govt.  Responsibility to promote high employment rate, production, purchasing power • Prepares fed. Budget each year

  10. Role: Chief Diplomat • Struggle between congress and pres. • Power to make treaties • Power to make executive agreements • Pacts between the Pres and heads of other nations • Recognition of Foreign Govts. • Determines whether US will recognize legal existence of other govt.

  11. Roles: Party Leader • Lead within political party • Help members of their party get elected • Appoint members of their party to govt. jobs • Patronage – appointment to political office that rewards those who support the pres. During election

  12. Role: Commander in Chief • Power to make war • Shares with congress • Military operations and strategy • Makes key military decisions • Many pres. Come from military background • Authority to order atomic weapons • Use of military in domestic cases

  13. Presidential Political Cartoons • Create a political cartoon the represents each of the 7 roles the president plays. • You must include at least 3 symbols within your cartoon. • Explain the significance of your cartoon in a paragraph on the back of your sheet.

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